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Ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a^3}{5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^3}{5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c^3}{5c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}}\right)^2\le\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2}{5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{5c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Giờ ta chứng minh:
\(P=\dfrac{a^2}{5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{5c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}\le\dfrac{a^2}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{2a^2+bc}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{2a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}\le\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{ca}{2b^2+ca}\right)\\\dfrac{c^2}{5c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}\le\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}-\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(P\le\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ca}{2b^2+ca}+\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\right)\)
\(\le\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{bc\left(2a^2+bc\right)+ca\left(2b^2+ca\right)+ab\left(2c^2+ab\right)}=\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a^3}{5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^3}{5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c^3}{5c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}}^2\le\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}}\)
\(VT=\sum\dfrac{a^2}{5a^2+b^2+c^2+2bc}=\sum\dfrac{a^2}{\left(2a^2+bc\right)+\left(2a^2+bc\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\le\sum\dfrac{a^2}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}+\sum\dfrac{2a^2}{9\left(2a^2+bc\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\right)\)
\(\le\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
Chuẩn hóa: a+b+c=3k
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a}{k}+\dfrac{b}{k}+\dfrac{c}{k}=3\)
Đặt (\(\dfrac{a}{k};\dfrac{b}{k};\dfrac{c}{k}\))\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\);x+y+z=3
ĐPCM\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\sum\dfrac{19y^3-x^3}{xy+5y^2}\le3\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Ta CM BĐT:
\(\dfrac{19y^3-x^3}{xy+5y^2}\le4y-x\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}{xy+5y^2}\le0\)(đúng)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow\)ĐPCM
\(\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{5c^2+\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-20a^2+10bc+5b^2+c^2}{9\left(5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\right)}+\dfrac{-20b^2+10ac+5c^2+5a^2}{9\left(5b^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\right)}+\dfrac{-20c^2+10ab+5a^2+5b^2}{9\left(5c^2+\left(a+b\right)\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(10a+5b+5c\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(10a+5b+5c\right)}{9\left(5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum_{cyc}\left(\dfrac{-\left(a-b\right)\left(10a+5b+5c\right)}{9\left(5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\right)}+\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(10b+5a+5c\right)}{9\left(5b^2+\left(a+c\right)^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)\left(\dfrac{10b+5a+5c}{9\left(5b^2+\left(a+c\right)^2\right)}-\dfrac{10a+5b+5c}{9\left(5a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\right)}\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum_{cyc}\left(\left(a-b\right)^2\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2-c^2+4ab\right)}{3\left(a^2+2ac+5b^2+c^2\right)\left(5a^2+b^2+2bc+c^2\right)}\right)\ge0\)
Dau "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq 4\sqrt[4]{\frac{a^4}{27.27.9}}=\frac{4a}{9}\)
\(\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{b+2}{27}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq \frac{4b}{9}\)
\(\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}+\frac{c+2}{27}+\frac{a+2}{27}+\frac{1}{9}\geq \frac{4c}{9}\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}+\frac{2(a+b+c)}{27}+\frac{7}{9}\geq\frac{4(a+b+c)}{9}\)
\(\frac{a^4}{(a+2)(b+2)}+\frac{b^4}{(b+2)(c+2)}+\frac{c^4}{(c+2)(a+2)}\geq \frac{10(a+b+c)}{27}-\frac{7}{9}=\frac{30}{27}-\frac{7}{9}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
1.
Nhân 2 vế của BĐT với \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
\(3(a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\ge(a+b+c)\left(Σ_{cyc}(a^2+b^2)(c+a)(c+b)\right)\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ_{perms}a^2b\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) *đúng*
BT2: Nhân 2 lên, chuyển vế, biến đổi bla..... sẽ ra đpcm
1) Áp dụng BĐT Cô si
ta có
\(\left(\sqrt{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\inĐK\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-2\sqrt{a+b}.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\sqrt{a+b}\)
vậy ĐPCM
Bài 2
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có:
\(\Rightarrow VP\le4\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2}\right)=2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy ta có \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge\left(2\sqrt{ab}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge2.2\sqrt{ab}.\dfrac{1}{2}=2\sqrt{ab}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại ta có:
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)