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`(a+b+c)^2=3(ab+bc+ca)`
`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3(ab+bc+ca)`
`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`
`<=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca`
`<=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0`
`VT>=0`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `a=b=c`
`a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc`
`<=>a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0`
`<=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3abc-3ab(a+b)=0`
`<=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3ab(a+b+c)=0`
`<=>(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)=0`
`**a+b+c=0`
`**a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`
`<=>a=b=c`
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a-b}=\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{b-c}-\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{c+a-b}{\left(a-b\right)c}=\frac{a-b+c}{\left(b-c\right)a}\)(1)
Do \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{a-b}{b-c}\Leftrightarrow a\left(b-c\right)=\left(a-b\right)c\)nên (1) đúng, đẳng thức được CM
Bạn tham khảo thêm tại đây:
Câu hỏi của Cậu Bé Ngu Ngơ - Toán lớp 8 | Học trực tuyến
Lời giải:
$\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=1$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{ab+bc}{c+a}+\frac{ac+bc}{a+b}+\frac{ab+ac}{b+c}=a+b+c$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+b+c+a=a+b+c$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=0$
Ta có đpcm.
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{c+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{c+b}+1+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+1+\dfrac{c}{a+b}-3=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}-3=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)-3\)
-Áp dụng BĐT Caushy Schwarz cho 3 số dương ta có:
\(VT\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}-3=\left(a+b+c\right).\dfrac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}-3=\dfrac{9}{2}-3=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{2.\left(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2a}{a^2+1}+1+\dfrac{2b}{b^2+1}+1+\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}-3}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{a^2+2a+1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b^2+2b+1}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c^2+2c+1}{c^2+1}-3}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{\left(b+1\right)^2}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{\left(c+1\right)^2}{c^2+1}-3}{2}\)-Áp dụng BĐT Caushy ta có:
\(VP\le\dfrac{\dfrac{2\left(a^2+1\right)}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{2\left(b^2+1\right)}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{2\left(c^2+1\right)}{c^2+1}-3}{2}=\dfrac{2+2+2-3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
-Từ (1) và (2) ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\ge VP\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\ge\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\left(đpcm\right)\)
-Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)