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a ) Ta có : \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=4\left(ab+ac+bc\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2a^2bc+2c^2ab\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+8abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)+8abc.0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\right)\)
Lại có : \(\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}=\dfrac{2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}{2}\)
\(=a^4+b^4+c^4\left(đpcm\right)\)
b ) \(a+b+c+d=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-\left(c+d\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+\left(c+d\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3+3a^2b+3b^2a+3c^2d+3d^2c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=-3a^2b-3b^2a-3c^2d-3d^2c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left(-a^2b-b^2a-c^2d-d^2c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left[-ab\left(a+b\right)-cd\left(c+d\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left[ab\left(c+d\right)-cd\left(c+d\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3\left(ab-cd\right)\left(c+d\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
Câu 1:
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}-ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\) (1)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
5 , a3+b3+c3\(\ge\) 3abc
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3+c3-3a2b-3ab2-3abc\(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca)\(\ge0\) (1)
ta co : a,b,c>0 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b+c>0 (2)
(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge0\)
<=> 2a2+2b2+2c2-2ac-2cb-2ab\(\ge0\)
<=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ac\(\ge\) 0 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3)=> pt luôn đúng
5. phân tích ra : \(1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1\)
áp dụng bđ cosy
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}=2\)
=> đpcm
6. \(x^2-x+1=x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}.x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
hay với mọi x thuộc R đều là nghiệm của bpt
7.áp dụng bđt cosy
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2.c^2.d^2}=4abcd\left(đpcm\right)\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM (Cô-si) ta có:
\(\frac{a^4}{b^2(c+a)}+\frac{c+a}{4}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{b}{2}\geq 4\sqrt[4]{\frac{a^4}{b^2(c+a)}.\frac{c+a}{4}.\frac{b}{2}.\frac{b}{2}}=2a\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{b^4}{c^2(a+b)}+\frac{a+b}{4}+\frac{c}{2}+\frac{c}{2}\geq 2b\)
\(\frac{c^4}{a^2(b+c)}+\frac{b+c}{4}+\frac{a}{2}+\frac{a}{2}\geq 2c\)
Cộng các BĐT đã thu được theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\frac{a^4}{b^2(a+c)}+\frac{b^4}{c^2(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^2(b+c)}+\frac{3}{2}(a+b+c)\geq 2(a+b+c)\)
hay \(\frac{a^4}{b^2(a+c)}+\frac{b^4}{c^2(a+b)}+\frac{c^4}{a^2(b+c)}\geq \frac{a+b+c}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b,c tương tự
d)Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta được
\(a^4+a^4+b^4+c^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^4a^4b^4c^4}=4a^2bc\)
TT\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+b^4+c^4\ge4ab^2c\)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+c^4\ge4abc^2\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được \(4\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge4\left(a^2bc+ab^2c+abc^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
d)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-a^2bc-ab^2c-abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4-2a^2bc-2ab^2c-2abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+2a^2b^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+2b^2c^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+2a^2c^2-2a^2bc-2b^2ac-2c^2ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2-2b^2ac\right)+\left(b^2c^2+c^2a^2-2c^2abc\right)+\left(a^2b^2+c^2a^2-2a^2ab\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+\left(ab-bc\right)^2+\left(bc-ac\right)^2+\left(ab-ac\right)^2\ge0\)
Luôn đúng với mọi a , b , c
Sửa lại đề: \(a+b+c=0\)
a) Ta có:
\(A=a^4+b^4+c^4=(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2-2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(=[(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)]^2-2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(=4(ab+bc+ac)^2-2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)
\(=4(ab+bc+ac)^2-2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)-4abc(a+b+c)\)
(do \(a+b+c=0\))
\(A=4(ab+bc+ac)^2-2[a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc(a+b+c)]\)
\(=4(ab+bc+ac)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)^=2(ab+bc+ac)^2\)
Ta có đpcm
b) Ta có:
\(\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{2}=\frac{[(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)]^2}{2}=\frac{[-2(ab+bc+ac)]^2}{2}=2(ab+bc+ac)^2\)
Kết hợp với kết quả phần a ta có đpcm.
Bạn ơi cái chỗ
= 4(ab+bc+ca)^2 - 2(ab+bc+ca)= 2(ab+bc+ca)^2
thì phải là như thế này chứ
= 4(ab+bc+ca)^2 - 2(ab+bc+ca)^2= 2(ab+bc+ca)^2
Đây là ý mình còn nếu ko phải mong bạn bỏ qua và giải thích cho mình nhé!!
Ta có:
(a + b + c)2 = 0 => a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 0
=> a2 + b2 + c2 = -2(ab + bc + ca)
=> (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 4(ab + bc + ca)2
=> a4 + b4 + c4 + 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) = 4[a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 + 2(ab2c + bc2a + ca2b)
=> a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) + 8abc(a + b + c)
=> a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) (vì a + b + c = 0) (1)
Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2a^2bc+2abc^2\right)\\2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\left(2\right)\\a^4+b^4+c^4=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1); (2) và (3) ta có đpcm
\(\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a-b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b-c}=\dfrac{b}{a-c}+\dfrac{c}{b-a}=\dfrac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{ab^2-a^2b+a^2c-ac^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{b^2}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\dfrac{bc^2-b^2c+b^2a-a^2b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2c-c^2a+c^2b-cb^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
Cộng 3 đẳng thức trên có:
==" xl mk ko bt tài làm để có bình phương đc :)) mk chỉ can chứng minh
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=0đcthui\)
Bài 3:
x=y+1 nên x-y=1
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\cdot\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^4+y^4\right)\)
=x^8-y^8