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\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca=2\)
Áp dụng BĐT C-S:
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+4}{3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Đặt \(a^2+b^2+c^2=x\)
Ta cần c/m: \(\dfrac{x+4}{3-x}\ge6\Leftrightarrow x+4\ge18-6x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\ge2\) (đúng)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}\)
VP = \(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right).\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)-\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\left(b-c\right).\dfrac{\left(b+a\right)-\left(c+a\right)}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\left(c-b\right).\dfrac{\left(c+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{c+a}-\dfrac{1}{b+a}\right)+\left(c-a\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{c+b}\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right).\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\left(a-b\right).\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\left(b-c\right).\dfrac{1}{c+a}-\left(b-c\right).\dfrac{1}{b+a}+\left(c-a\right).\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\left(c-a\right).\dfrac{1}{c+b}\)
\(=\left(2a-b-c\right).\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\left(2b-c-a\right).\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\left(2c-a-b\right).\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{2a}{b+c}-\left(b+c\right).\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{c+a}-\left(c+a\right).\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b}-\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=2\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)-3\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2a^3-a^2b-a^2c-ab^2-ac^2+2b^3-b^2c-bc^2+2c^3}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)} \)
\(\\=\dfrac{a^3+a^2b-2a^2b-2ab^2+ab^2+b^3+b^3+b^2c-2b^2c-2bc^2+bc^2+c^3+c^3+c^2a-2c^a+2ca^2-ca^2+a^3}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(\\=\dfrac{(a-b)^2(a+b)+(b-c)^2(b+c)+(c-a)^2(c+a)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(\\\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{(a-b)^2}{(c+a)(b+c)}+\dfrac{(b-c)^2}{(c+a)(a+b)}+\dfrac{(c-a)^2}{(a+b)(b+c)}=VP\)
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}\) (BĐT B.C.S)
\(=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) \(\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abbcca}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (do \(abc=1\)).
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Từ \(\dfrac{a-\left(c-b\right)}{b-c}+\dfrac{b-\left(a-c\right)}{c-a}+\dfrac{c-\left(b-a\right)}{a-b}=3\)
\(=>\dfrac{a}{b-c}+1+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}+1=3\)
\(=>\dfrac{a}{b-c}-\dfrac{b}{a-c}-\dfrac{c}{b-a}=0\)
\(=>\dfrac{a}{b-c}=\dfrac{b}{a-c}+\dfrac{c}{b-a}=\dfrac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
Nhân cả 2 vế với \(\dfrac{1}{b-c}\) ta được
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\dfrac{c^2-bc+bc-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2-ca+cb-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế (1);(2);(3) ta có ĐPCM
CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT.........
thử bài bất :D
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
Lời giải
\(\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\right)\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\left(c^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge8\)
\(A=\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\right)\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\left(c^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
\(A=\left[\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}-2\right)+2\right].\left[\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}-2\right)+2\right].\left[\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}-2\right)+2\right]\)
\(A=\left[\left(a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+2\right].\left[\left(a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+2\right].\left[\left(a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+2\right]\)Thừa nhận cần c/m câu khác: \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\left[\left(0\right)+2\right].\left[\left(0\right)+2\right].\left[\left(0\right)+2\right]=8\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge8\forall_{a,b,c\ne0}\)=> dpcm
Đẳng thức khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|a\right|=1\\\left|b\right|=1\\\left|c\right|=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\pm1\\b=\pm1\\c=\pm1\end{matrix}\right.\) Không tin bạn thử a=b=c=-1<0 vào thử xem
Có một chút vần đề nha ĐK phải là a,b,c > 0 nhé
bài này ta sẽ chứng minh lần lượt \(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2};b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2};c^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\)lớn hơn hoặc bằng 2
Ta sẽ giả sử
\(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\ge2\)(2)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a\times\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng) (1)
BĐT (2) đúng suy ra BĐT (1) đúng
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{a}\Leftrightarrow a^2=1\Leftrightarrow a=1\)(*)
CMTT ta có : \(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\ge2\) (=) b = 1 (**)
\(c^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\ge2\) (=) c = 1 (***)
Nhân vế theo vế của (*) , (**) , (***) ta được
\(\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\right).\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right).\left(c^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge2^3=8\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c = 1
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)+b^2\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)+c^2\left(\dfrac{1}{c+a}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)+b^2\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(c^2-a^2\right)+b^2\left(a^2-b^2\right)+c^2\left(b^2-c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2c^2+a^2b^2+b^2c^2-a^4-b^4-c^4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4-2a^2b^2-2a^2c^2-2b^2c^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(a^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-b^2=0\\a^2-c^2=0\\b^2-c^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=0\\\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\\\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-c=0\\b-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (do \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\ne0\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b\ne0\\a+c\ne0\\b+c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\))
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)