Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
1. Đề thiếu
2. BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta có:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}.3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (đpcm)
3.
Ta có:
\(\left(a^6+b^6+1\right)\left(1+1+1\right)\ge\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+1+b^3+c^3+1+c^3+a^3+1\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Lại có:
\(a^3+b^3+1\ge3ab\) ; \(b^3+c^3+1\ge3bc\) ; \(c^3+a^3+1\ge3ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
4.
Ta có:
\(a^3+1+1\ge3a\) ; \(b^3+1+1\ge3b\) ; \(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
5.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\) ; \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\) ; \(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\le\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}=1\)
Để ý rằng \(a+b+c=1\) hay \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=1\)nên ta cần biển đổi a,b,c xuất hiện các đại lượng \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c+2b}};\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a+2c}};\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{b+2a}}\)nên ta biển đổi như sau:
\(a+b+c=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c+2b}}\sqrt{a\left(c+2b\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a+2c}}\sqrt{b\left(a+2c\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{b+2a}}\sqrt{c\left(b+2a\right)}\)
Khi đó ta được:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left[\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c+2b}}\sqrt{a\left(c+2b\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a+2c}}\sqrt{b\left(a+2c\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{b+2a}}\sqrt{c\left(b+2a\right)}\right]^2\)
Theo bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxiki ta được:
\(\left[\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c+2b}}\sqrt{a\left(c+2b\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a+2c}}\sqrt{b\left(a+2c\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{b+2a}}\sqrt{c\left(b+2a\right)}\right]\)
\(\le\left(\frac{a}{c+2b}+\frac{b}{a+2c}+\frac{c}{b+2a}\right)\left[a\left(c+2b\right)b\left(a+2c\right)c\left(b+2a\right)\right]\)
Như vậy lúc này ta được:
\(\frac{a}{c+2b}+\frac{b}{a+2c}+\frac{c}{b+2a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
Vậy bài toán đã được chứng minh.
Ta viết lại bất đẳng thức trên thành:
\(\frac{a-b}{b}-\frac{a-b}{c}+\frac{c-a}{a}-\frac{c-a}{c}\ge\frac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
Hay: \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)}{bc}+\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{ca}\ge\frac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
Tiếp tục khai triển và thu gọn ta được:
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(c-a\right)^2\left(b^2+ab+bc\right)\ge a\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-ac\right)^2\ge0\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối cùng luôn đúng hay bài toán được chứng minh xong.
BĐT bên trái: \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{a+b}}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
Nhân vế với vế và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
Lại có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}+\dfrac{2}{a+b}\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{a+b}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{a+b}}\) (đpcm)
BĐT bên phải:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{2a.\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{2b}{\sqrt{2b\left(c+a\right)}}+\dfrac{2c}{\sqrt{2c\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4a}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{4b}{2b+c+a}+\dfrac{4c}{2c+a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{4a^2}{2a^2+ab+ac}+\dfrac{4b^2}{2b^2+bc+ab}+\dfrac{4c^2}{2c^2+ac+bc}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\) (đpcm)