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ĐKXĐ: \(a,b,c\ne0\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=2013.\dfrac{1}{2013}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+1+1+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2c+a^2b+b^2c+ab^2+bc^2+ac^2+2abc}{abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2c+a^2b+b^2c+ab^2+bc^2+ac^2+2abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+b\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\b=-c\\c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà \(a+b+c=2013\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2013\\b=2013\\c=2013\end{matrix}\right.\)(đpcm)
2) \(\sum\dfrac{x}{x^2-yz+2013}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{x^3-xyz+2013x}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2012}=a;\sqrt{2013}=b\)
Theo đề, ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}-\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{ab}-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3-4ab\left(a+b\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}>0\)(đpcm)
\(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^{2012}}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Lại có:
\(a^{2013}+a^{2013}+...+a^{2013}\left(\text{2012 số hạng}\right)+1\ge2013\sqrt[2013]{\left(a^{2013}\right)^{2012}}=2013.a^{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow2012.a^{2013}+1\ge2013.a^{2012}\)
Tương tự: \(2012.b^{2013}+1\ge2013.b^{2012}\) ; \(2012.c^{2013}+1\ge2013.c^{2012}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\Rightarrow a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}\ge\dfrac{2013\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)-3}{2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{2013\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)-3}{2012\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)}=\dfrac{2013}{2012}-\dfrac{3}{2012}.\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\ge\dfrac{2013}{2012}-\dfrac{3}{2012}.\dfrac{1}{3}=1\)
\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Đặt biểu thức trên là A
Ta có:
\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{2014^2+2013^2.2014^2+2013^2}{2014^2}}+\dfrac{2013}{2014}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2014^2-2.2013.2014+2013^2+2013^2.2014^2+2.2013.2014}}{2014}+\dfrac{2013}{2014}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{1+2.2013.2014+\left(2013.2014\right)^2}}{2014}+\dfrac{2013}{2014}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2013.2014+1\right)^2}}{2014}+\dfrac{2013}{2014}\)\(=\dfrac{2013.2014+1+2013}{2014}\)\(=2014\)
Bài 3:
a) \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{1}{a-\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}+\dfrac{2}{a-1}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}+\dfrac{2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a+1}\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}}:\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
b) Thay \(a=3+2\sqrt{2}\) vào biểu thức A:
Ta có: \(\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}}=\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{\left(1+2\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{1+\sqrt{2}}=2\)
Vậy giá trị biểu thức A tại \(a=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
Bài 1:
Sửa đề: (theo mình là như vậy)
\(x^4-4x^2-12x-9\)
\(=x^4+x^3-x^3-x^2-3x^2-3x-9x-9\)
\(=\left(x^4+x^3\right)-\left(x^3+x^2\right)-\left(3x^2+3x\right)-\left(9x+9\right)\)
\(=x^3.\left(x+1\right)-x^2.\left(x+1\right)-3x.\left(x+1\right)-9.\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x^3-x^2-3x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x^3-3x^2+2x-6x+3x-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left[\left(x^3-3x^2\right)+\left(2x-6x\right)+\left(3x-9\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left[x^2.\left(x-3\right)+2x.\left(x-3\right)+3.\left(x-3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x-3\right).\left(x^2+2x+3\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!