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a) Áp dụng BĐT Cô si cho 2 số dương ta có :
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}.\frac{bc}{a}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b\)
b) \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge a+b+c\)
CMTT như câu a ta đc :
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b;\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2a;\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\)
Do đó : \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2a+2b+2c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge a+b+c\left(đpcm\right)\)
a. Áp dung BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}.\frac{bc}{a}}=2\sqrt{b^2}=2b\)
b. Áp dung BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b\)
\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2c\)
\(\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2a\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge a+b+c\)
Xảy ra đẳng thức khi \(a=b=c>0\)
áp dụng BĐT : \(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\) ta có:
\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+b^2\ge a\left(a+b\right)\) (vì b>0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+b^2\ge a^2+ab\) (1)
c/m tương tự ta đc: \(\frac{b^3}{c}+c^2\ge b^2+bc\) (2)
\(\frac{c^3}{a}+a^2\ge c^2+ca\) (3)
Từ (1),(2),(3)=> \(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge ab+bc+ca\) =>đpcm
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ca}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ca\)
Xin lỗi lúc này do thày nhìn nhầm nên nghĩ câu 2 sai đề. Để đền bù thiệt hại, xin giải lại cả hai bài cho em
Cả hai bài toán này đều sử dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwartz. Em xem link dưới đây để biết rõ hơn: http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/174274.html
Câu 1. Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwartz ta có
\(\frac{a}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c}{2c^2+ab}=\frac{1}{2a+\frac{bc}{a}}+\frac{1}{2b+\frac{ca}{b}}+\frac{1}{2c+\frac{ab}{c}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\right)}=\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}}=\frac{9abc}{2abc\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{9abc}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\frac{9abc}{9}=abc.\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh.
Câu 2. Tiếp tục sử dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwartz
\(\frac{8}{2a+b}=\frac{4}{a+\frac{b}{2}}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{\frac{b}{2}}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}.\)
Tương tự, \(\frac{48}{3b+2c}=\frac{16}{b+\frac{2c}{3}}\le4\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{\frac{2c}{3}}\right)=\frac{4}{b}+\frac{6}{c},\) và \(\frac{12}{c+3a}=\frac{4}{\frac{c}{3}+a}\le\frac{1}{\frac{c}{3}}+\frac{1}{a}=\frac{3}{c}+\frac{1}{a}.\)
Cộng ba bất đẳng thức lại ta được
\(\frac{8}{2a+b}+\frac{48}{3b+2c}+\frac{12}{c+3a}\le\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{4}{b}+\frac{6}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{2}{a}+\frac{6}{b}+\frac{9}{c}.\) (ĐPCM).
\(1.\)\(a^3b^3\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^8}{256}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3b^3\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^9}{256}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3b^3\left(a+b\right)^3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^{12}}{256}\)
\(VT=ab\left(a+b\right).ab\left(a+b\right).ab\left(a+b\right).\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\le\left(\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{4}\right)^4\)
\(\le\frac{\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)^4}{256}\)
\(\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^{12}}{256}\left(đpcm\right).\)
\(2.\) \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge1-\frac{1}{1+b}+1-\frac{1}{1+c}\)
\(\ge\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{1+b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ac}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\\\frac{1}{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}.\frac{1}{1+b}.\frac{1}{1+c}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{\left(1+a\right)^2.\left(1+b\right)^2.\left(1+c\right)^2}}\)\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\ge\frac{8abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(1\ge8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(abc\ge\frac{1}{8}\left(đpcm\right).\)
1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
a/ \(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+bc^2\ge2abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+bc^2-2abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a\sqrt{b}-c\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
b/ Áp dụng câu a ta có
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\ge2b\)
\(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2a\)
\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\ge2c\)
Cộng 3 cái đó vế theo vế được