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\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau có:
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\)
\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)
ta có a+b/a-b=c+d/c-d
suy ra (a+b)(c-d)=(a-b)(c+d)
ac-ad+bc-bd=ac+ad-bc-bd
ac-ac+bc+bc-bd+bd=ad+ad
2bc=2ad
nen bc=ad=a/b=c/d
vay tu a/b=c/d ta co the suy ra a+b/a-b=c+d/c-d
Bài 2 : Theo ví dụ trên ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)=> ad < bc
Suy ra :
\(\Leftrightarrow ad+ab< bc+ba\Leftrightarrow a(b+d)< b(a+c)\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
Mặt khác : ad < bc => ad + cd < bc + cd
\(\Leftrightarrow d(a+c)< (b+d)c\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Vậy : ....
b, Theo câu a ta lần lượt có :
\(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{2}{7}< -\frac{1}{4}\)
\(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{2}{7}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{3}{10}< -\frac{2}{7}\)
\(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{3}{10}\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{4}{13}< -\frac{3}{10}\)
Vậy : \(-\frac{1}{3}< -\frac{4}{13}< -\frac{3}{10}< -\frac{2}{7}< -\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\Rightarrow ab+ad< ab+bc\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)
\(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\Rightarrow\left(a+c\right)d< \left(b+d\right)c\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\left(2\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ad< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)( 1 )
Lại có : ad < bc
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{c}\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{b^2}{c^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
mà \(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}=\frac{a}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\frac{a}{c}\)
Gỉa sử : \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+c}< =>ab+ac< ab+bc\)
\(< =>ac< bc< =>a< b\)(đpcm)
Gỉa sử : \(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+c}{b+c}< =>ab+ac>ab+bc\)
\(< =>ac>bc< =>a>b\)(đpcm)
\(\frac{a+c}{b+c}>\frac{a}{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(a+c\right)>a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc>ab+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc>ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b>a\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< 1\) (luôn đúng)