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Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a}, y=\frac{1}{b}, z=\frac{1}{c}, \Rightarrow x+y+z=2\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{a\left(2a-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{b\left(2b-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{c\left(2c-1\right)^2}=\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{2-x}{8}+\frac{2-x}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2} .\frac{2-x}{8}.\frac{2-x}{8}}=\frac{3x}{4}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\ge x+y+z-\frac{3}{2}=2-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)hay \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{2}\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{4}{b+c};\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên rồi chia cho 2 ta thu được đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b)Đặt \(a+b=x;b+c=y;c+a=z\). Cần chứng minh:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
Cách làm tương tự câu a.
c) \(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\Sigma\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4}\)
d) Em làm biếng quá anh làm nốt đi:P
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
a/ \(VT=\frac{1}{a+a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4}\)
b/ \(VT\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{bc}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{ca}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{4}+\frac{b}{4}+\frac{c}{4}+\frac{c}{4}+\frac{a}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Cho \(a=b=c\) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\ge1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow1\ge2\)
Bất đẳng thức sai
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}\leq 1(*)\)
\((*)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+1}=1-\frac{a}{a+1}\geq \frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}=\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 5\sqrt[5]{\frac{b^2c^3}{(b+1)^2(c+1)^3}}(1)\)
\((*)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{b+1}=1-\frac{b}{b+1}\geq \frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}=\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 5\sqrt[5]{\frac{abc^3}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)^3}}(2)\)
\((*)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{c+1}=1-\frac{c}{c+1}\geq \frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{2c}{c+1}=\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 5\sqrt[5]{\frac{ab^2c^2}{(a+1)(b+1)^2(c+1)^2}}(3)\)
Lấy \((1).(2)^2.(3)^3\) rồi rút gọn ta suy ra \(ab^2c^3\leq \frac{1}{5^6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{5}$
\(VT=\frac{b^2c^2}{b+c}+\frac{a^2c^2}{a+c}+\frac{a^2b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\frac{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Thay abc = 1 vào bđt cần chứng minh :
\(a+b+c\ge\frac{a\left(bc+1\right)}{b\left(ac+1\right)}+\frac{b\left(ac+1\right)}{c\left(ab+1\right)}+\frac{c\left(ab+1\right)}{a\left(bc+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(1-\frac{bc+1}{ac+1}\right)+b\left(1-\frac{ac+1}{ab+1}\right)+c\left(1-\frac{ab+1}{bc+1}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ac\left(a-b\right)}{ac+1}+\frac{ab\left(b-c\right)}{ab+1}+\frac{bc\left(c-a\right)}{bc+1}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ac\left[-\left(c-a\right)-\left(b-c\right)\right]}{ac+1}+\frac{ab\left[-\left(a-b\right)-\left(c-a\right)\right]}{ab+1}+\frac{bc\left[-\left(b-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]}{bc+1}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\frac{-ac\left(c-a\right)}{ac+1}-\frac{ab\left(c-a\right)}{ab+1}\right]+\left[-\frac{ac\left(b-c\right)}{ac+1}-\frac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{bc+1}\right]+\left[-\frac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{ab+1}-\frac{bc\left(a-b\right)}{bc+1}\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-a\left(c-a\right)\left(c+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{ac+1}+\frac{1}{ab+1}\right)-c\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{ac+1}+\frac{1}{bc+1}\right)-b\left(a-b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab+1}+\frac{1}{bc+1}\right)\ge0\)(1)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{ab+1},y=\frac{1}{bc+1},z=\frac{1}{ac+1}\)
Tiếp tục phân tích : \(-c\left(b-c\right)\left(a+b\right).x-b\left(a-b\right)\left(a+c\right).y=-c\left(a+b\right).x\left[-\left(c-a\right)-\left(a-b\right)\right]-b\left(a+c\right).y\left[-\left(b-c\right)-\left(c-a\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(c-a\right).\left[c\left(a+b\right)x+b\left(a+c\right)y\right]+c\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right).x+b\left(a+c\right)\left(b-c\right).y\)
Tới đây giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c>0\) là ra nhé :)
1)
\(2a+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{16}{a+2}=\left(a+\frac{4}{a}\right)+\left[\left(a+2\right)+\frac{16}{a+2}\right]-2\ge4+8-2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2
2)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4a\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4a+1-4a}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4b+1-4b}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4c+1-4c}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{2a+1};\frac{1}{2b+1};\frac{1}{2c+1}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge1\)
Mặt khác do \(a;b;c>0\Rightarrow x;y;z< 1\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{x}{3-2x}+\frac{y}{3-2y}+\frac{z}{3-2z}\)
Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{x}{3-2x}\ge\frac{27x-2}{49}\) \(\forall x\in\left(0;1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-6x+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Thiết lập tương tự và cộng lại:
\(P\ge\frac{27\left(x+y+z\right)-6}{49}\ge\frac{21}{49}=\frac{3}{7}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)