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\(\text{a) }\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\left(1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}-\sqrt{ab}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{2}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b-2\sqrt{ab}}{2}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge0\left(2\right)\)
BDT (2) luôn đúng \(\forall x\) nên BDT (1) luôn đúng \(\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\\ \Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\) đẳng thức xảy ra khi: \(a=b\)
b) Áp dụng BDT Cô-si có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\\ \dfrac{a+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{ac}\\ \dfrac{b+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{bc}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}+\dfrac{a+c}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+a+c+b+c}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\\ \Rightarrow a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\)
Vậy \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}\) đẳng thức xảy ra khi : \(a=b=c\)
b) \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\right)+\left(b-2\sqrt{bc}+c\right)+\left(c-2\sqrt{ca}+a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì BĐT cuối luôn đúng mà các phép biến đổi trên là tương đương nên BĐT ban đầu luôn đúng
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
c) \(a+b+\frac{1}{2}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\sqrt{a}+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(b-\sqrt{b}+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
Vì bđt cuối luôn đúng mà các phép biến đôi trên là tương đương nên bđt ban đầu luôn đúng
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{4}\)
Ta có \(c\ge\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow c^2\ge ab\Leftrightarrow c^2-ab\ge0\Leftrightarrow c\left(c^2-ab\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow c^3-abc\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(c^3-abc\right)\left(a-b\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow ac^3-a^2bc-bc^3+ab^2c\ge0\Leftrightarrow ab^2c+ac^3\ge a^2bc+bc^3\Leftrightarrow ac\left(b^2+c^2\right)\ge bc\left(a^2+c^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac}{a^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{bc}{b^2+c^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2ac}{a^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{2bc}{b^2+c^2}\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{2ac}{a^2+c^2}\ge1+\dfrac{2bc}{b^2+c^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ac+c^2}{a^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{b^2+2bc+c^2}{b^2+c^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{a^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{b^2+c^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{\sqrt{a^2+c^2}}\ge\dfrac{b+c}{\sqrt{b^2+c^2}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Cần chứng minh
(a + c)²(b² + c²) ≥ (b + c)²(a² + c²)
<=> 2c(a - b)(c² - ab) ≥ 0
Cái này đúng.
1) \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(a^2+b^2+2ab\ge4ab\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge ab\)
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a=b
2) \(\left(\sqrt{2a}-\sqrt{2b}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(2a-4\sqrt{ab}+2b\ge0\)
\(4a+4b\ge2a+2b+4\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\dfrac{a+b+2\sqrt{ab}}{4}\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{2}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a=b
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+2\sqrt{ab}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{ab}=1-\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ab}=\dfrac{1-\left(a+b\right)}{2}\)
Lại có:
\(ab\left(a+b\right)^2=\left[\sqrt{ab}.\left(a+b\right)\right]^2=\left[\dfrac{1-\left(a+b\right)}{2}.\left(a+b\right)\right]^2=\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right]^2\)
Ta thấy:
\(\left(a+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)^2=-\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)\right]=-\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right]=-\left(a+b-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow[\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)-\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}]^2\le\dfrac{1}{64}\)
hay \(ab\left(a+b\right)^2\le\dfrac{1}{64}\) (đpcm)
a: \(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{a\cdot\dfrac{1}{a}}=2\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+a+1+1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}>=2\)
=>\(\sqrt{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}>=2\)(1)
\(\sqrt{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}>=2\sqrt{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}}=2\)
nên (1) đúng
Bài 3:
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM có:
\(x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge2\sqrt{x.\dfrac{1}{x}}+2\sqrt{y.\dfrac{1}{y}}+2\sqrt{z.\dfrac{1}{z}}\)
\(=2+2+2=6\)
Dấu " = " khi x = y = z = 1
Vậy...
3. Với x,y,z>0 áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có
\(x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\left(z+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{x.\dfrac{1}{x}}+2\sqrt{y.\dfrac{1}{y}}+2\sqrt{z.\dfrac{1}{z}}=2+2+2=6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{x}\\y=\dfrac{1}{y}\\z=\dfrac{1}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
1. Với a=b=c=0, ta thấy BĐT trên đúng
Với a,b,c>0 áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương
\(a^3+a^3+b^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3.a^3.b^3}=3\sqrt[3]{a^6b^3}=3a^2b\) (1)
\(b^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{b^3.b^3.c^3}=3\sqrt[3]{b^6c^3}=3b^2c\) (2)
\(c^3+c^3+a^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{c^3.c^3.a^3}=3\sqrt[3]{c^6a^3}=3c^2a\) (3)
Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge a^2b+b^2c+c^2a>\dfrac{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}{3}\) (vì a,b,c>0)
Do đó BĐT trên đúng \(\forall a,b,c\ge0\)
1.Ta có :\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2-xy+y^2\) (do x+y=1)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)\(=\dfrac{1}{4}.1=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :\(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x^3+y^3\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
2.
a) Sửa đề: \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-a^2b\right)+\left(b^3-ab^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2\left(b-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng vì \(a,b\ge0\))
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
b) Lần trước mk giải rồi nhá
3.
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel\(P=\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}+\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)+3}=\dfrac{9}{3+3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{1}{y+1}=\dfrac{1}{z+1}\\x+y+z=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
b) \(Q=\dfrac{x}{x^2+1}+\dfrac{y}{y^2+1}+\dfrac{z}{z^2+1}\le\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{x^2.1}}+\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{y^2.1}}+\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{z^2.1}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{2x}+\dfrac{y}{2y}+\dfrac{z}{2z}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2=y^2=z^2=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b-2\sqrt{ab}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b\)