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a.d = b.c ⇒ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}\) = \(\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}\) (1)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}=\dfrac{3a-2b}{2c-2d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và(2) ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}\) = \(\dfrac{3a-2b}{3c-2d}\)(đpcm)
a.d = b.c ⇒ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) ⇒ \(\dfrac{a.b}{c.d}\) = \(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}\) = \(\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a.b}{c.d}=\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}\) = \(\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\) = \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\) (đpcm)
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{2bk+b}{2bk-b}=\dfrac{2k+1}{2k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{2c-d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{2dk-d}=\dfrac{2k+1}{2k-1}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2a+b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{2c-d}\)
b: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2bk+b}{bk-2b}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{dk-2d}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}\)
Theo bài ra ta có :
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}-1=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}-1=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}-1=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
Nếu a + b + c + d = 0
\(\Rightarrow\frac{0}{a}=\frac{0}{b}=\frac{0}{c}=\frac{0}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b=c=d\\a\ne b\ne c\ne d\end{cases}}\)(loại)
Nếu a + b + c + d \(\ne\)0
=> \(\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{d}\)
=> a = b = c = d (đpcm)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)
b) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{2a}{2c}=\frac{5b}{5d}=\frac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}\\\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{3a}{3c}=\frac{4b}{4d}=\frac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\frac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
c) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{a.b}{c.d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{a.b}{c.d}\)
d) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)^2=\frac{a.c}{b.d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{a.c}{b.d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{a.c}{b.d}\)
P/s: Dấu \(\Rightarrow\) dòng thứ 2 + 3 ở phần c và d đều ngang hàng nhé, đừng viết sát lề