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Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{a^4+a+1}-a^2\right)\left(\sqrt{a^4+a+1}+a^2\right)=a^4+a+1-a^4=a+1\) nên
\(P=\sqrt{a^4+a+1}+a^2\)
Từ giả thiết \(4a^2+\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}=0\) suy ra \(a^2=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{4}\left(a-1\right)\), do đó \(a^4=\frac{1}{8}\left(a^2-2a+1\right)\) và
\(a^4+a+1=\frac{1}{8}\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+a+1=\frac{\left(a+3\right)^2}{8}\).
Lại do giả thiết \(a>0\) suy ra \(\sqrt{a^4+a+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+3\right)^2}{8}}=\frac{a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}\).
Từ đó \(P=\sqrt{a^4+a+1}+a^2=\frac{a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{-\sqrt{2}\left(a-1\right)}{4}=\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(a+3\right)-\sqrt{2}\left(a-1\right)}{4}=\sqrt{2}\)
CM: \(a=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\Rightarrow a+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{1}{32}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{2\sqrt{a}}{4}+\frac{1}{32}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{1}{32}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}=0\)
Theo trên: \(4a^2+\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}=0\Rightarrow a^2=\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(1-a\right)}{4}\Rightarrow a^4=\frac{a^2-2a+1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+a+1=\frac{a^2-2a+1}{8}+a+1=\left(\frac{a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\)
\(B=a^2+\sqrt{a^4+a+1}=a^2+\frac{a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}a^2+a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)\(=\frac{4a^2+\sqrt{2}a+3\sqrt{2}}{4}=\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{4}=\sqrt{2}\)
1. ĐK \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne4\end{cases}}\)
a. Ta có \(R=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right).\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-2+4}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}}.\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
b. Với \(x=4+2\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow R=\frac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+2}{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\left(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1+2}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+3}{3-1}=\frac{\sqrt{3}+3}{2}\)
c. Để \(R>0\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-2>0\Rightarrow x>4\)
Vậy \(x>4\)thì \(R>0\)
2. Ta có \(A=6+2\sqrt{2}=6+\sqrt{8};B=9=6+3=6+\sqrt{9}\)
Vì \(\sqrt{8}< \sqrt{9}\Rightarrow A< B\)
3. a. \(VT=\frac{a+b-2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right).\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)=a-b=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
b. Ta có \(VT=\left(2+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right).\left(2-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\)
\(=\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)=4-a=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(4a^2+a\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}a-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow a^2=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}a\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^4=\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}a^2-\frac{1}{4}a\Leftrightarrow a^4+a+1=\frac{1}{8}a^2+\frac{3}{4}a+\frac{9}{8}=\frac{1}{8}\left(a+3\right)^2\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^4+a+1}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(a+3\right)\)(Do a > 0)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^4+a+1}-a^2=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(a+3\right)-\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}a\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}a+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a+1}{\sqrt{a^4+a+1}-a^2}=\frac{a+1}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(a+1\right)}=\sqrt{2}\)