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\(a^{2020}+b^{2020}=a^{2021}+b^{2021}=a^{2022}+b^{2022}\) (1)
Ta có : \(a^{2021}+b^{2021}=a^{2022}+b^{2022}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{2021}+b^{2021}=a^{2022}+a^{2021}b+b^{2022}+ab^{2021}-a^{2021}b-ab^{2021}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{2021}+b^{2021}=a^{2021}\left(a+b\right)+b^{2021}\left(a+b\right)-ab\left(a^{2020}+b^{2020}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{2021}+b^{2021}=\left(a^{2021}+b^{2021}\right)\left(a+b\right)-ab\left(a^{2020}+b^{2020}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-ab=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-b\right)\left(a-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a-1=0\\1-b=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=1\end{cases}}}\)
(+) Thay \(a=1\)vào \(\left(1\right)\)ta được :
\(b^{2020}=b^{2021}=b^{2022}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}b=0\\b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}b=1\left(b>0\right)\)
(+) Thay \(b=1\)vào (1) ta được :
\(a^{2020}=a^{2021}=a^{2022}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=1\\a=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}a=1\left(a>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=1\)\(\Rightarrow a^{2020}+b^{2021}=1^{2020}+1^{2021}=2\)
b) \(\left(a^{2019}+b^{2019}\right)^2=\left(a^{2018}+b^{2018}\right)\left(a^{2020}+b^{2020}\right)\Leftrightarrow2a^{2019}b^{2019}=a^{2018}a^{2020}+a^{2020}b^{2018}\Leftrightarrow2ab=a^2+b^2\Leftrightarrow a=b\).
Do a, b dương nên a = b = 1.
Câu a thì bạn áp dụng BĐT Svacxo
Theo đề bài ta có :
\(F\left(x\right)=\left(x-1\right)\cdot Q\left(x\right)-4\) (1)
\(F\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)\cdot R\left(x\right)+5\) (2)
Thay \(x=1\) vào (1) ta có :
\(F\left(1\right)=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+a+b+c=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=-5\)
Thay \(x=-2\) vào (2) ta có :
\(F\left(-2\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8+4a-2b+c=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a-2b+c=13\)
Do đó ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c=-4\\4a-2b+c=13\end{cases}}\)
....
tìm x y z thoả mãn đẳng thức 1/x2022+1/y2022+1/z2022=1/x2021+1/y2021+1/z2021=1/x2020+1/y2020+1/z2020
Ta có:
\(\left(3a-2b+c\right)^2=9a^2+4b^2+c^2+2\left(3ac-6ab-2bc\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow b^2=9a^2+4b^2+c^2\)
(vì \(3a-3b+c=0\Leftrightarrow3a-2b+c=-b\), \(6ab+2bc-3ac=0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow9a^2+3b^2+c^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=0\).
Khi đó: \(P=\left(-1\right)^{2019}+\left(-1\right)^{2020}+\left(-1\right)^{2021}=-1\)
Ta có:
(3a−2b+c)2=9a2+4b2+c2+2(3ac−6ab−2bc)
⇒b2=9a2+4b2+c2
(vì 3a−3b+c=0⇔3a−2b+c=−b, 6ab+2bc−3ac=0)
⇔9a2+3b2+c2=0
⇔a=b=c=0.
Khi đó: P=(−1)2019+(−1)2020+(−1)2021=−1
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+ab^2+c^2a+ca^2+b^2c+bc^2+2abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)c+ab\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
=> Hoặc a+b=0 hoặc b+c=0 hoặc c+a=0
=> Hoặc a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c=-a
Ko mất tổng quát, g/s a=-b
a) Ta có: vì a=-b thay vào ta được:
\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{-b^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{1}{c^3}\)
=> đpcm
b) Ta có: \(a+b+c=1\Leftrightarrow-b+b+c=1\Rightarrow c=1\)
=> \(P=-\frac{1}{b^{2021}}+\frac{1}{b^{2021}}+\frac{1}{c^{2021}}=\frac{1}{1^{2021}}=1\)
Sửa đề: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2021}\\abc=2021\end{cases}}\) thì \(M=\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)\) là số chính phương
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2021}\\abc=2021\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\left(abc\ne0\right)\)
Khi đó ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}1+a^2=ab+bc+ca+a^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\\1+b^2=\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)\\1+c^2=\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\end{cases}}\)
Nhân vế với vế ta được:
\(M=\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\)
=> M là số chính phương
Ta có
\(a^{2020}+b^{2020}=a^{2021}+b^{2021}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{2021}-a^{2020}=b^{2020}-b^{2021}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^{2020}\left(a-1\right)=b^{2020}\left(1-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a-1}{1-b}=\dfrac{b^{2020}}{a^{2020}}=\left(\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^{2020}\) (1)
Ta có
\(a^{2021}+b^{2021}=a^{2022}+b^{2022}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a-1}{1-b}=\left(\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^{2021}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^{2020}=\left(\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^{2021}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b\)
\(\Rightarrow2.a^{2020}=2.a^{2021}\Leftrightarrow a^{2020}=a^{2021}\Rightarrow a=b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow S=a^{2021}+b^{2021}=1+1=2\)