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a) 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
_____0,2------>0,1-------------------->0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,1.98 = 9,8(g)
\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(b/30ml=0,03l\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0015.2}{3}=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,001.27=0,027\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,0015}{2}=0,00075\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,00075.342=0,2565\left(g\right)\)
\(c/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,0015.3}{3}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,0015.24,79=0,037185\left(l\right)\)
\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=1,5.0,5.0,03=0,0375mol\\ m_{Al}=0,0375.27=1,0125g\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot0,03\cdot0,5=1,71g\\V_{H_2}=24,79.0,5.0,03=0,37185L\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,25 0,25 0,25
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=152.0,25=38\left(g\right)\)
\(pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O+Cu\)
0,25 0,25 0,25
=> \(m_{Cu}=0,25.64=16\left(g\right)\)
nFe = 14/56 =0,25 mol
PTHH : Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2 (1)
Theo pt(1) : nH2 = nFe = 0,25 mol
VO2 = 0,25 x 22,4 = 5,6 l
Theo pt(1): nFeSO4 = nFe = 0,25 mol
mFeSO4= 0,25 x 152 = 38 g
PTHH : H2 + CuO => Cu + H2O(2)
theo pt (2) => nH2 = nCu = 0,25 mol
mCu = 0,25 x 64 = 16 g
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\\ a.2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,15 0,05 0,15
\(b.V_{H_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7185l\\ c.m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1g\\ d.C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,4}=0,375M\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ \text{Đ}LBTKL:m_{NaOH}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Na_2SO_4}+m_{H_2O}\\ \Leftrightarrow80+98=m_{Na_2SO_4}+36\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=142\left(kg\right)\)