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\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\ge xy\Rightarrow-xy\ge-\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow4=x^2+y^2-xy\ge x^2+y^2-\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\le8\)
\(C_{max}=8\) khi \(x=y=\pm2\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\Rightarrow-xy\le\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(4=x^2+y^2-xy\le x^2+y^2+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{8}{3}\)
\(C_{min}=\dfrac{8}{3}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}};\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right);\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}};-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
A = y^2 - 4y + 9 = y^2 - 4y + 4 + 5
= ( y - 2 )^2 + 5 >= 5
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi y = 2
Vậy GTNN A là 5 khi y = 2
B = x^2 - x + 1 = x^2 - x + 1/4 + 3/4 = ( x - 1/2 )^2 + 3/4 >= 3/4
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 1/2
Vậy GTNN B là 3/4 khi x = 1/2
C = 2x^2 - 6x = 2 ( x^2 - 3x + 9 / 4 - 9/4 )
= 2 ( x - 3/2 )^2 - 9/2 >= -9/2
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 3/2
Vậy GTNN C là -9/2 khi x = 3/2
Ta có: 7x2+8xy+7y2=10 (*)
=>4x2+8xy+4y2+3x2+3y2=10
=>4(x+y)2+3(x2+y2)=10
=>3(x2+y2)=10-4(x+y)2
Vậy A lớn nhất khi (x+y)2=0=>x=-y
Amax=10/3
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosy cho 2 số dương ta có:
A=x2+y22xy,
=> Amin khi x=y
Thay vào (*) ta được:
7x2+8x2+7x2=10
=>22x2=10
=>x2=10/22
=> y2=10/22
=>Amin=10/22+10/22=10/11.
Vậy Amin=10/3<=> x=-y
Amax=10/11<=>x=y.
10: \(x\left(x-y\right)+x^2-y^2\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
11: \(x^2-y^2+10x-10y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(10x-10y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+10\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+10\right)\)
12: \(x^2-y^2+20x+20y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(20x+20y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+20\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+20\right)\)
13: \(4x^2-9y^2-4x-6y\)
\(=\left(4x^2-9y^2\right)-\left(4x+6y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+3y\right)-2\left(2x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3y\right)\left(2x-3y-2\right)\)
14: \(x^3-y^3+7x^2-7y^2\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+\left(7x^2-7y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+7\cdot\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+7\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+7x+7y\right)\)
15: \(x^3+4x-\left(y^3+4y\right)\)
\(=x^3-y^3+4x-4y\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)+\left(4x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+4\right)\)
16: \(x^3+y^3+2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2+2\right)\)
17: \(x^3-y^3-2x^2y+2xy^2\)
\(=\left(x^3-y^3\right)-\left(2x^2y-2xy^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-2xy\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-2xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
18: \(x^3-4x^2+4x-xy^2\)
\(=x\left(x^2-4x+4-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left[\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-2-y\right)\left(x-2+y\right)\)
Có: 3x + y = 3 => y = 3x - 3
a) M = 3x2 + y2 = 3x2 + ( 3x - 3)2 = 3x2 + 9x2 - 18x + 9 = 3(4x2 - 6x + 3) = 3(4x2 - 6x +9/4) + 9/4 = 3(2x - 3/2)2 + 9/4 \(\ge\)9/4
Vậy min M là 9/4
b) N = 2xy = 2x(3x - 3) = 6x2 - 6x = 6(x2 - x + 1/4 - 1/4) = 6(x - 1/2)2 - 3/2 \(\le\)-3/2
Vậy max N là -3/2
Ta có: \(7x^2+8xy+7y^2=10\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2+8xy+4y^2+3x^2+3y^2=10\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)=10\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2\right)=10-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{Max}=x^2+y^2=\dfrac{10-4\left(x+y\right)^2}{3}\le\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=-y\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\forall x,y\) đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
Thay vào \(7x^2+8xy+7y^2=10\) ta có:
\(7x^2+8x^2+7x^2=10\)
\(\Rightarrow22x^2=10\Rightarrow x^2=\dfrac{10}{22}\Rightarrow y^2=\dfrac{10}{22}\)
Khi đó \(S_{Min}=\dfrac{10}{22}+\dfrac{10}{22}=\dfrac{10}{11}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y\)