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\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
x 2x x x
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
y 2y y y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,5\\24x+56y=23,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0,15;y=0,35\)
\(a,m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}=\left(0,3+0,7\right).36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{36,5}{228}.100\%=16\%\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\\ n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=23,2\\a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,15;b=0,35mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6g\\ m_{Fe}=23,2-3,6=19,6g\\ b.m_{HCl}=\left(0,15+0,35\right).2.36,5=36,5g\\ m_{ddHCl}=1,14.200=228g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{228}\cdot100=16,01\%\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)
a,Gọi \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=x\left(mol\right);n_{K_2CO_3}=2x\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
PTHH: K2CO3 + 2HCl → 2KCl + CO2 + H2O
PTHH: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O
Theo PTHH ta có:
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{K_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{30}{100}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + 2x = 0,3
⇔ x = 0,1 (mol)
⇒ mhh muối = 0,1.106 + 0,1.2.138 = 38,2 (g)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=2n_{CaCO_3}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03 0,03
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,03 0,06 0,03
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,03.1}{1}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,03.24=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{MgO}=1,92-0,72=1,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=1,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{1,12}{40}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,06+0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
400ml = 0,4l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,4}=0,3\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,03+0,03=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCl2}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,4}=0,15\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
PTHH.Zn+ H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
Theo bài ra ta có: nZn = 13/65 = 0,2 mol
Theo pthh và bài ta có:
+) nH2SO4 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> mH2SO4 = 0,2 . 98 = 19,6 g
=> mdd H2SO4 = (19,6 . 100%) : 20% = 98%
+)nH2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 l
Vậy...
2) PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Theo bài ra ta có: nFe2O3 = 24/160 = 0,15 mol
nH2SO4 = 2,5 . 0,2 = 0,5 mol
Theo pthh ta có: nFe2O3 pt = 1 mol ; nH2SO4 pt = 3 mol
Ta có tỉ lệ:
\(\dfrac{nFe2O3\left(bđ\right)}{nFe2O3\left(pt\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{1}=0,15\)< \(\dfrac{nH2SO4\left(bđ\right)}{nH2SO4\left(pt\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{3}=0,16\)
=> Sau pư, Fe2O3 tg pư hết , H2SO4 còn dư
Theo pthh và bài ta có:
+nFe2(SO4)3 = nFe2O3 = 0,15 mol
=>mFe2(SO4)3 = 0,15 . 400 = 60 g
CM dd Fe2(SO4)3 = \(\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\)(M)
+nH2SO4 tg pư = 3. nFe2O3 = 3. 0,15 = 0,45 mol
=> nH2SO4 dư = 0,5 - 0,45 = 0,05 mol
=> CM dd H2SO4 dư = \(\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
Vậy....
Bài 2
mol HCl=3.0,1=0,3mol(100ml=0,1l)
CuO+2HCl->CuCl2+H2O (1)
xmol 2xmol
ZnO+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2O(2)
ymol 2ymol
Từ 1 và 2 ta co hệ phương trình
2x+2y=0,3 ->x=0,05=molCuO
80x+81y=12,1 ->y=0,1=molZnO
=>mCuO=0,05.80=4g
->%CuO=(4.100)/12,1=33,075%
->%ZnO=100-33,075=66,943%
b. CuO+H2SO4->CuSO4+H2O (3)
Theo ptpu 3 taco nH2SO4=nCuO=0,05 mol
ZnO+H2SO4->ZnSO4+H2O (4)
Theo ptpu 4 ta co nH2SO4=nZnO=0,1mol
=>nH2SO4=0.05+0,1=0,15mol
->mH2SO4=0,15.98=14,7g
=>mddH2SO4=(14,7.100)/20=73,5g
Bài 1
a/. Phương trình phản ứng hoá học:
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b/. nH2 = V/22,4 = 3,36/22,4 = 0,15 (mol)
....... Fe.....+ 2HCl --> Fecl2 + H2
TPT 1 mol....2 mol.................1 mol
TDB x mol....y mol................0,15 mol
nFe = x = (0,15x1)/1 = 0,15 (mol)
mFe = n x M = 0,15 x 56 = 8,4 (g)
c/. nHCl = y = (0,15x2)/1 = 0,3 (mol)
CMHCl = n/V = 0,3/0,05 = 6 (M)
Gọi \(n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=18,6\\2x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{18,6}\cdot100\%=30,11\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-30,11\%=69,89\%\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,2+0,4=0,6mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
PTHH\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
tl............1................2.............2.............1.............1..(mol
br 0,1.................0,2......................................0,1(mol)
NaCl không phản ứng đc vsHCl
b)\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)(đổi 400ml=0,4(l))
c)\(Tacom_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{20}.100=53\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%mNaCl=100\%-53\%=47\%\)
a, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 74x + 56y = 7,62 (1)
PT: \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}+n_{KOH}=2x+y=\dfrac{31,025.30\%}{36,5}=0,17\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\y=0,07\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05.74=3,7\left(g\right)\\m_{KOH}=0,07.56=3,92\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{31,025}{1,04}\approx29,83\left(ml\right)=0,02983\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,17}{0,02983}\approx5,7\left(M\right)\)