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a) nA = m/MA = 5,4/MA (mol)
nH2 = m/M = 0,6/2 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH:
2A + 3H2SO4 (l) → A2(SO4)3 + 3H2
2 mol : 3 mol : 1 mol : 3 mol
0,2 mol : 0,3 mol : 0,1 mol : 0,3 mol
MA = m/n = 5,4/0,2 = 27 (g/mol)
=> M là kim loại Al
b) mH2SO4 = n.M = 0,3.98 = 29,4 (g)
C%dd H2SO4 = (mct/mdd).100% = (29,4/395,2).100% ≃ 7,434%
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH : 2M + 3H2SO4 --> M2(SO4)3 +3H2
nM =5,4/MM(mol)
nH2=0,6/2=0,3(mol)
theo pthh ta có : nM=2/3nH2=0,2(mol)
=> 5,4/MM=0,2 => MM =5,4/0,2=27(g/mol)=> M : Al
b) 2Al + 3H2SO4--> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
theo PTHH ta có : nH2SO4=3/2nAl=0,3(mol)
=>mH2SO4=0,3.98=29,4(g)
=> C%ddH2SO4=29,4/395,2 .100=7,44(%)
a, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(M+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_M=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{11,2}{0,2}=56\left(g/mol\right)\)
→ M là Fe.
b, Theo PT: \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nH2SO4 dư = 0,5.1 - 0,2 = 0,3 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{FeSO_4.7H_2O}=n_{FeSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4.7H_2O}=0,2.278=55,6\left(g\right)\)
\(Đặt.oxit:A_2O_3\\ A_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow A_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{34,2-10,2}{96.3-16.3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ M_{A_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{0,1}=102\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)=2M_A+48\\ \Rightarrow M_A=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ a,\Rightarrow A.là.nhôm\left(Al=27\right)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{100}.100=29,4\%\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\\ n_{NaOH}=6.0,1=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{XCl_3}=\dfrac{a}{M_X+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2X + 6HCl --> 2XCl3 + 3H2
=> \(n_X=\dfrac{a}{M_X+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{X_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{b}{2.M_X+288}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2X + 3H2SO4 --> X2(SO4)3 + 3H2
=> \(n_X=\dfrac{b}{M_X+144}\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,1---->0,1------->0,1---->0,1
=> \(m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{4,9\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pư = 2,4 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 202,2 (g)
mMgSO4 = 0,1.120 = 12 (g)
\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{12}{202,2}.100\%=5,9\%\)
c)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => Hiệu suất tính theo H2
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,05<-----0,05
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}.100\%=50\%\)
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2
0,1--->0,1---------->0,1-------->0,1
\(m_{dd\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{4,9\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=2,4+200-0,2.2=202,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{202,2}.100\%=5,93\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,1 => CuO dư
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}.100\%=50\%\)
a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2M + 3H2SO4 --> M2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,2<----0,3<--------0,1<-------0,3
=> \(M_M=\dfrac{5,4}{0,2}=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> M là Al
b) \(C\%_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{395,2}.100\%=7,44\%\)
c)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2-->0,6
=> \(V_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
cảm ơn bạn nhiều nha:))