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\(a)4{{\rm{x}}^2} - 12{\rm{x}}y + 9{y^2} = {\left( {2{\rm{x}}} \right)^2} - 2.2{\rm{x}}.3y + {\left( {3y} \right)^2} = {\left( {2{\rm{x}} - 3y} \right)^2}\)
\(b){x^3} + 9{{\rm{x}}^2} + 27{\rm{x}} + 27 = {x^3} + 3.{x^2}.3 + 3.x{.3^2} + {3^3} = {\left( {x + 3} \right)^3}\)
\(c)8{y^3} - 12{y^2} + 6y - 1 = {\left( {2y} \right)^3} - 3.{\left( {2y} \right)^2}.1 + 3.2y{.1^2} - {1^3} = {\left( {2y - 1} \right)^3}\)
\(\begin{array}{l}d) {\left( {2{\rm{x}} + y} \right)^2} - 4{y^2}\\ = {\left( {2{\rm{x}} + y} \right)^2} - {\left( {2y} \right)^2}\\ = \left( {2{\rm{x}} + y + 2y} \right)\left( {2{\rm{x}} + y - 2y} \right) = \left( {2{\rm{x}} + 3y} \right)\left( {2{\rm{x}} - y} \right)\end{array}\)
\(e) 27{y^3} + 8 = {\left( {3y} \right)^3} + {2^3} = \left( {3y + 2} \right)\left( {9{y^2} - 6y + 4} \right)\)
\(g) 64 - 125{{\rm{x}}^3} = {4^3} - {\left( {5{\rm{x}}} \right)^3} = \left( {4 - 5{\rm{x}}} \right)\left( {16 + 20{\rm{x}} + 25{{\rm{x}}^2}} \right)\)
\(\left(1+2\right),y^2-13y+12=y^2-12y-y-12=y\left(y-12\right)+\left(y-12\right)=\left(y+1\right)\left(y-12\right)\)
\(3,x^2-x-30=x^2-6x+5x-30=x\left(x-6\right)+5\left(x-6\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-6\right)\)
\(4,y^2+y-42=y^2-6y+7y-42=y\left(y-6\right)+7\left(y-6\right)=\left(y+7\right)\left(y-6\right)\)
\(5,x^2+3x-10=x^2-2x+5x-10=x\left(x-2\right)+5\left(x-2\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(6,x^2-8x+15=x^2-5x-3x+15=x\left(x-5\right)-3\left(x-5\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
a) \(\left(x^5+4x^3-6x^2\right):4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^5:4x^2\right)+\left(4x^3:4x^2\right)+\left(-6x^2:4x^2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b)
Vậy \(\left(x^3+x^2-12\right):\left(x-2\right)=x^2+3x+6\)
c) (-2x5 : 2x2) + (3x2 : 2x2) + (-4x^3 : 2x^2)
= \(-x^3+\dfrac{3}{2}-2x\)
d) \(\left(x^3-64\right):\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2+4x+16\right):\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=x-4\)
(dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ 7)
Bài 2 :
a) 3x(x - 2) - 5x(1 - x) - 8(x2 - 3)
= 3x2 - 6x - 5x + 5x2 - 8x2 + 24
= (3x2 + 5x2 - 8x2) + (-6x - 5x) + 24
= -11x + 24
b) (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2) + 2y3
= x3 - y3 + 2y3
= x3 + y3
c) (x - y)2 + (x + y)2 - 2(x - y)(x + y)
= (x - y)2 - 2(x - y)(x + y) + (x + y)2
= [(x - y) + x + y)2 = [x - y + x + y] = (2x)2 = 4x2
Bài 1 :
a]= \(\frac{1}{4}\)x3 + x - \(\frac{3}{2}\).
b] => [x3 + x2 -12 ] = [ x2 +3 ][x-2] + [-6]
c]= -x3 -2x +\(\frac{3}{2}\).
d] = [ x3 - 64 ] = [ x2 + 4x + 16][ x- 4].
Ta có : x3 - 7x + 6
= x3 - x - 6x + 6
= x(x2 - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= x(x + 1)(x - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= (x - 1) [x(x + 1) - 6]
= (x - 1) (x2 + x - 6) .
CÁC Ý SAU TƯƠNG TỰ
Ta có
27 x 3 – 64 y 3 = ( 3 x ) 3 – ( 4 y ) 3 = ( 3 x – 4 y ) ( ( 3 x ) 2 + 3 x . 4 y + ( 4 y ) 2 ) = ( 3 x – 4 y ) ( 9 x 2 + 12 x y + 16 )
Vậy đa thức cần điền là 9 x 2 + 12xy + 16
Đáp án cần chọn là: B