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\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ a,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,3=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
a) Gọi $n_{CO_2} = a(mol) ; n_{SO_2} = b(mol)$
Ta có :
$a + b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)$
$\dfrac{44a + 64b}{a + b} = 27.2$
Suy ra : a = b = 0,2$
$V_{CO_2} = V_{SO_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
b) Theo PTHH : $n_{K_2SO_3} = n_{SO_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{K_2SO_3} = 0,2.158 = 31,6(gam)$
Gọi $n_{K_2CO_3} = x(mol) ; n_{Na_2CO_3} = y(mol)$
$\Rightarrow 138x + 106y + 31,6 = 56(1)$
$n_{CO_2} = x + y = 0,2(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : x = y = 0,1
$m_{K_2CO_3} = 0,1.138 = 13,8(gam) ; m_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,1.106 = 10,6(gam)$
\(a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b. số mol của 16,8 gam Fe:
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng của HCl:
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
c.Thể tích khí Hiđro (đktc):
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a,\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\) ⇒ H2 pứ hết,Fe dư
\(V_{H_2}=3,36\left(l\right)\) (đề cho)
b, ko tính đc k/lg dd ,chỉ tính đc thể tích dd
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{20}.100\%=32,5\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=67,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: mAl2O3 = 20 - 0,1.65 = 13,5 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{13,5}{102}=\dfrac{9}{68}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{169}{170}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{169}{170}}{1}\approx0,994\left(l\right)\)
d, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{9}{34}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{9}{34}.133,5\approx35,34\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nAl=0,2(mol)
mHCl=500.10%=50(g) => nHCl=50/36,5=100/73(mol)
PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2
Vì: 0,2/2 < 100/73:6
=> Al hết, HCl dư, tính theo nAl
a) nH2=3/2. 0,2=0,3(mol) => V(H2,đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)
b) mHCl(tham gia p.ứ)= 6/2. 0,2 . 36,5= 21,9(g)
c) mddsau= 5,4+500-0,3.2=504,8(g)
mAlCl3=0,2. 133,5= 26,7(g)
mHCl(DƯ)= 50 -21,9=28,1(g)
C%ddAlCl3= (26,7/504,8).100=5,289%
C%ddHCl(dư)= (28,1/504,8).100=5,567%
a) 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b) nHCl = \(\dfrac{65,7}{36,5}\)= 1,8 mol
Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng => nAl phản ứng = \(\dfrac{nHCl}{3}\)= 0,6 mol
=> mAl phản ứng = 0,6.27 = 16,2 gam
c) nH2 = 1/2nHCl = 0,9 mol
=> V H2 = 0,9.22,4 = 20,16 lít
`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 + H_2`
`0,15` `0,3` `0,15` `(mol)`
`n_[Mg]=[3,6]/24=0,15(mol)`
`a)V_[H_2]=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)`
`b)m_[HCl]=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)`
`c)`
`H_2 + CuO` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`
`0,15` `0,15` `(mol)`
`=>m_[Cu]=0,15.64=9,6(g)`
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15->0,3------------------>0,15
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,15------>0,15
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\text{a, }n_{K_2SO_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{39,5}{158}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{PTHH : }K_2SO_3+2HCL\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O+SO_2\)
\(\text{Trước pư : 0,25}\) \(\text{0,4}\)
\(\text{Trong pư : }\dfrac{0,25}{1}\) \(>\) \(\dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
\(\text{Sau pư : }\) \(0,1\) \(\text{0,2}\) \(0,1\)
\(V_{SO_2}=22,4.n=22,4.0,1=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}\text{pư}=n.M=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}\text{dư}=14,6-7,3=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{K_2SO_3}=\dfrac{39,5}{158}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(K_2SO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O+SO_2\)
Theo PTHH ta có: \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\)
\(\Rightarrow K_2SO_3\) dư, HCl hết. Vậy ta tính theo \(n_{HCl}\)
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a. \(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b. Theo PT ta có:
\(n_{K_2SO_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{K_2SO_3\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{K_2SO_3}=0,05.158=7,9\left(g\right)\)