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a.250ml=0,25l ; nHCl=0,25.1,5=0,375mol
KOH+HCl->KCl+H2O
1mol 1mol 1mol
0,375 0,375 0,375
VKOh=0,375/2=0,1875l
b.CM KCL=0,375/0,25=1,5M
c.NaOH+HCL=NaCl+H2O
1mol 1mol
0,375 0,375
mdd NaOH=0,375.40.100/10=150g
\(C\%_{sau}=0,2=\dfrac{100.1,84.0,98}{100.1,84+V_{H_2O}}\\ V_{H_2O}=717,6mL\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{164\cdot1,22\cdot20\%}{40}=1,0004\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo muối trung hòa
PTHH: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Vì NaOH dư nên tính theo CO2 \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,5004\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na_2CO_3\left(rắn\right)}=0,25\cdot106=26,5\left(g\right)\\m_{NaOH\left(rắn\right)}=0,5004\cdot40=20,016\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
*Các bài còn lại bạn làm theo gợi ý bên dưới
PTHH: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\) (1)
\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\) (2)
PTHH: \(Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(NaAlO_2+HCl+H_2O\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+NaCl\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{27,3}{78}=0,35\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=2\cdot0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH còn dư 0,15 mol
Mặt khác: \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(sau\right)}=\dfrac{14,04}{78}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(sau\right)}+n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,33\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,33}{1,6}=0,20625\left(l\right)=206,25\left(ml\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=200.15\%=30\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH\left(10\%\right)}=\dfrac{30.100}{10}=300\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2Othêm}=300-200=100\left(g\right)\)
ta có: \(\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{200}.100\%=15\%\)
=> mNaOH = 30(g) (1)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{m_{NaOH}}{200}.100\%=10\%\)
=> mNaOH = 20(g) (2)
Ta có (1): 30 + \(m_{H_2O}=200\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=170\left(g\right)\)
ta có (2): \(20+m_{H_2O}=200\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=180\left(g\right)\)
Vậy khối lượng nước cần để thu đc dung dịch NaOH 10% là:
180 - 170 = 10(g)
\(n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=\dfrac{0,71}{142}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Mg ---> (CH3COO)2Mg + H2
0,01<----------------------0,005---------->0,005
\(C_{M\left(CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,025}=4M\)
PTHH: CH3COOH + NaOH ---> CH3COONa + H2O
0,005--------->0,005
\(V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,75}=\dfrac{1}{150}M\\ V_{H_2}=0,005.22,4=0,0112\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,25.1,5.40=15g\\ m_{H_2O}=250.1,5-15=360g\)