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\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36.5}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0.5=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.25\cdot24=6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
\(c.\)
\(V_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=5.6\cdot90\%=5.04\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{84}{56}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.1,5}{84+300-1,5.2}.100\%=\dfrac{190,5}{381}.100\%=50\%\)
nFe=0,1 mol
Fe +2HCl=>FeCl2+H2
0,1 mol=>0,2 mol =>0,1 mol
VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24 lít
nHCl=0,2 mol=>mHCl=0,2.36,5=7,3g
=>C% dd HCl=7,3/200.100%=3,65%
a ,\(Zn+2HCl=>ZnCl_2+H_2\) (1)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\frac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
theo (1) \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo (1) \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3 \left(g\right)\)
nồng độ % dung dịch axit đã dùng là
\(\frac{7,3}{200}.100\%=36,5\%\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\a, \Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{CaCO_3}=100.0,1=10\left(g\right)\\b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{CaCl_2}=111.0,1=11,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1 1
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
a) \(n_{CaCO3}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CaCO3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{CaCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CaCl2}=0,1.111=11,1\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Gọi x,y,z lần lượt là số mol của Al,Mg,Zn
PT:
2Al + 6HCl--->2AlCl3 + 3H2
x-------3x----------------------1,5x mol
Mg + 2HCl--->MgCl2 + H2
y-----2y----------------------y mol
Zn + 2HCl--->ZnCl2 + H2
z----2z--------------------z mol
b.
Số mol H2: nH2=16,352/22,4=0,73 mol
1,5x+y+z=0,73
27x = 24y =>x=8y/9
=>7y/3 +z =0,73 (*)
27x + 24y + 65z=19,6
27x = 24y
=> 48y + 65z =19,6 (**)
Từ (*),(**)
=>y=0,27 => mMg =6,48 g
z=0,1=>mZn = 6,5 g
x=0,24=>mAl =6,48g
c.
nHCl =2nH2
=>nHCl =2.0,73=1,46 mol
=>V dd=1,46/2=0,73(l)
a) \(n_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{10,44}{87}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: MnO2 + 4HCl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
0,12----------------------->0,12
=> VCl2 = 0,12.22,4 = 2,688 (l)
b)
nNaOH = 0,1.4 = 0,4 (mol)
PTHH: 2NaOH + Cl2 --> NaCl + NaClO + H2O
0,24<---0,12--->0,12--->0,12
=> dd sau pư chứa \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}NaOH_{dư}:0,4-0,24=0,16\left(mol\right)\\NaCl:0,12\left(mol\right)\\NaClO:0,12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(NaOH_{dư}\right)}=\dfrac{0,16}{0,1}=1,6M\\C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,1}=1,2M\\C_{M\left(NaClO\right)}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,1}=1,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phần tính mHCl bị nhầm số mol HCl từ 0,3 thành 0,15 bạn nhé.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)-0,2-\rightarrow0,2---0,2--0,2\\ m_{FeSO_4}=n.M=0,2.152=30,4\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
a, \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
b,\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)