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Ta có:
\(\sqrt{xy}\left(x-y\right)=x+y\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=xy\left(x-y\right)^2\)
đặt x+y=a và xy=b
\(\Rightarrow a^2=b\left(a^2-4b\right)\Rightarrow a^2=a^2b-4b^2\Rightarrow4b^2=a^2\left(b-1\right)\Rightarrow\frac{4b^2}{b-1}=a^2\)
Lại có:
\(\frac{b^2}{b-1}=\frac{b^2-1+1}{b-1}=b+1+\frac{1}{b-1}=b-1+\frac{1}{b-1}+2\ge2+2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4b^2}{b-1}\ge16\Rightarrow a^2\ge16\Rightarrow a\ge4\Rightarrow x+y\ge4\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=2+\sqrt{2},y=2-\sqrt{2}\)
Thay \(xy+yz+zx=5\) vào P, ta có:
\(P=\frac{3x+3y+2z}{\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si, ta có:
\(\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\le\frac{3\left(x+y\right)+2\left(x+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{6\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}\le\frac{3\left(y+x\right)+2\left(y+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\le\frac{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)}{2}\)
Cộng vế theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều, ta đươc:
\(\sqrt{6\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{6\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\le\frac{9}{2}x+\frac{9}{2}y+3z\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{3x+3y+2z}{\frac{9}{2}x+\frac{9}{2}y+3z}=\frac{3x+3y+2z}{\frac{3}{2}\left(3x+3y+2z\right)}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+y\right)=2\left(y+z\right)=2\left(z+x\right)\\z+y=z+x\\xy+yz+zx=5\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=1\\z=2\end{cases}}}\)
TA CÓ:
\(B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x\left(y+2z\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y\left(z+2x\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z\left(x+2y\right)}}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{x+y+2z}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{y+z+2x}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{z+x+2y}{2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{18}{3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}}\)
DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA:\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\frac{B}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x\left(y+2z\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3y\left(z+2x\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3z\left(x+2y\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{\frac{3x+y+2z}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{3y+z+2x}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{3z+x+2y}{2}}\ge\frac{2\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{6\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{18}{6\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{18\sqrt{3}}{6\sqrt{3}}=3\)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(S=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}\)
\(S\ge\frac{4\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}=\frac{4\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=6\) khi \(x=y\)