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a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,336}{22,4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
0,03<------------0,03<----0,015
=> \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,03.23}{1,31}.100\%=52,67\%\)
=> \(\%m_{Na_2O}=100\%-52,67\%=47,33\%\)
b)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{1,31.47,33\%}{62}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
0,01----------->0,02
=> nNaOH = 0,03 + 0,02 = 0,05 (mol)
mdd sau pư = 1,31 + 18,72 - 0,015.2 = 20 (g)
=> \(C\%_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{20}.100\%=10\%\)
\(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{1,2}=\dfrac{50}{3}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(dd.NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{\dfrac{1}{60}}=3M\)
\(m_{H_2} = 8,5 + 50 - 58,4 = 0,1(gam)\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{2} = 0,05(mol)\\ 2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2\\ Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH\\ n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{8,5-0,1.23}{62}=0,1(mol)\\ n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} + n_{Na} = 0,3(mol)\\ C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,3.40}{58,4}.100\% = 20,55\%\)
2Na + 2H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2NaOH + H2 (1)
K2O + H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2KOH (2)
Có : mdd B = mhh A + mH2O - mH2 = 19,85 + 180,4 - mH2 = 200
\(\Rightarrow\) mH2 = 0,25(g)
\(\Rightarrow\) nH2 = 0,25/2 = 0,125(mol)
Theo PT(1) \(\Rightarrow\)nNa = nNaOH = 2.nH2 = 2. 0,125 = 0,25(mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,25.23=5,75\left(g\right)\\m_{NaOH}=0,25.40=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) mK2O = 19,85 - 5,75= 14,1(g)
\(\Rightarrow\) nK2O = 14,1/94 = 0,15(mol)
Theo PT(2) \(\Rightarrow\) nKOH = 2 . nK2O = 2. 0,15 = 0,3(mol)
\(\Rightarrow\) mKOH = 0,3 . 56 = 16,8(g)
* C%KOH / ddB = 16,8/200 . 100% = 8,4%
C%NaOH / dd B = 10/200 . 100% = 5%
* m(KOH+ NaOH) = 16 ,8 + 10 =\ 26,8(g)
\(\Rightarrow\)mH2O / dd B = 200 - 26,8 = 173,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\) VH2O / dd B = m : D = 173,2 : 1 = 173,2 (ml) =0,1732(l)
mà Vdd B = VH2O / ddB
=> Vdd B =\ 0,1732(l)
Do đó :
CM của NaOH / dd B = 0,25/0,1732=1,44(M)
CM của KOH / dd B = 0,3/0,1732 = 1,73 (M)
a,Fe + 2HCl → FeCl + H2 (1)
FeO + 2HCl → FeCl + H2O (2)
nH2 = 3,36/ 22,4 = 0,15 ( mol)
Theo (1) nH2 = nFe = 0,15 ( mol)
mFe = 0,15 x 56 = 8.4 (g)
m FeO = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6 (g)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
theo (1) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeO}=12-8,4=3,6\left(g\right)\)
ta thấy : nFe =nH2 = 0,15
=> mFe =0,15 x 56 = 8,4g
%Fe=8,4/12 x 100 = 70%
=>%FeO = 100 - 70 = 30%
b) BTKLra mdd tìm mct of HCl
c) tìm mdd sau pứ -mH2 nha bạn
a, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O ---> 2NaOH
0,2------------------>0,4
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{12,4+50}.100\%=25,64\%\)
b, \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2
0,2------------------->0,2------->0,1
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.40+16}{100+16+4,6-0,1.2}.100\%==20\%\)
c, \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2Na + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + H2
0,2<-----0,2-----------0,2--->0,1
2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2
0,2------------------>0,2----->0,1
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=9,2+100-\left(0,1+0,1\right).2=108,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,2.58,5}{108,8}.100\%=10,75\%\\C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{108,8}.100\%=7,35\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
mH2SO4= \(\dfrac{300.7,35}{100}=22,05g\)
nH2SO4= \(\dfrac{22,05}{98}=0,225 mol\)
mHCl= \(\dfrac{200.7,3}{100}=14,6g\)
nHCl= \(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
H2SO4 + 2HCl → 2H2O + Cl2 ↑+ SO2 ↑
n trước pư 0,225 0,4
n pư 0,2 ← 0,4 → 0,4 → 0,2 → 0,2 mol
n sau pư dư 0,025 hết
a) mCl2= 0,2. 71= 14,2g
mSO2= 64. 0,2= 12,8g
mH2O= 18. 0,4=7,2g
mdd sau pư= 300 +200 -14,2 -12,8= 473g
C%dd H2O= \(\dfrac{7,2.100}{473}=1,52\)%
b) Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2 ↑
x → 2x → x → x
Fe + 2H2O → Fe(OH)2 + H2↑
y → 2y → y → y
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg,Fe.
Ta có hệ phương trình:
24x + 56y = 8,7 x= \(\dfrac{5}{64}\)
⇒
2x + 2y = 0,4 y= \(\dfrac{39}{320}\)
VH2= 22,4. \((\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{39}{320})\)= 4,48l
mhh MG(OH)2, Fe(OH)2= 8,7 +250 - 2.(\(\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{39}{320}\)) = 2258,3g
mMg=24. \(\dfrac{5}{64}\)=1.875g
mFe= 8,7-1,875= 6,825g
\(n_{Na}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{K_2O}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hhA}=23x+94y=18,7\left(I\right)\)
PTHH:
2Na + 2H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2NaOH + H2\(\uparrow\) (1)
(mol) x...........................x..............0,5x
K2O + H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2KOH (2)
(mol) y..........................y
\(m_{hhX}=m_{H_2O}+m_{hhA}-m_{H_2\uparrow}\)
\(200=181,5+18,7-m_{H_2\uparrow}\)
\(m_{H_2\uparrow}=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,5.x=0,1\)
\(\rightarrow x=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left(I\right)\rightarrow y=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
200(g) ddX có 2 chất tan: NaOH, KOH
\(\left(1\right)\rightarrow n_{NaOH}=x=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left(2\right)\rightarrow n_{KOH}=2y=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH/_{ddX}}=\dfrac{40.0,2}{200}.100=4\%\)
\(C\%_{KOH/_{ddX}}=\dfrac{56.0,3}{200}.100=8,4\%.\)