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a, Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl.
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19,4-13=6,4\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{19,4}.100\%\approx67,01\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx32,99\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b
=> 27a + 24b = 6,3
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a------------------------->1,5a
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b--------------------------->b
=> \(1,5a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> a = 0,1; b = 0,15
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: MxOy + yH2 --to--> xM + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,3}{y}\)<--0,3
=> \(M_{M_xO_y}=x.M_M+16y=\dfrac{17,4}{\dfrac{0,3}{y}}\)
=> \(M_M=21.\dfrac{2y}{x}\left(g/mol\right)\)
Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=1\) => Loại
Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=2\) => Loại
Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=3\) => Loại
Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=\dfrac{8}{3}\) => MM = 56 (g/mol) => M là Fe
a, ptpứ:
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\)
gọi số mol Mg là x mol , số mol Al là y mol ( x; y >0)
ta có pt : \(24x+27y=6,3\left(3\right)\)
theo bài : \(nH_2=0,3mol\)
theo ptpư(1) \(nH_2=nMg=xmol\)
theo ptpư(2) \(nH_2=\dfrac{3}{2}nAl=\dfrac{3}{2}ymol\)
tiếp tục có pt : \(x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,3\left(4\right)\)
từ (3) và (4) ta có hệ pt:
\(24x+27y=6,3\\ x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,3\)
<=> \(x=0,15\) ; \(y=0,1\)
\(mMg=24x=24.0,15=3,6gam\)
\(mAl=27y=27.0,1=2,7gam\)
a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Đặt:n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo đề ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=24,2\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x=0,2 ; y=0,2
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{24,2}.100=53,72\%;\%m_{Fe}=46,28\%\)
b)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2,5}=0,32\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{ZnCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(CM_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)
\(CM_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)
a) n H2 = 15,68/22,4 = 0,7(mol)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : nHCl = 2n H2 = 1,4(mol)
=> CM HCl = 1,4/2 = 0,7M
b) n Zn = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol) => 65a + 56b = 43,7(1)
n H2 = a + b = 0,7(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,5 ; b = 0,2
Suy ra:
m Zn = 0,5.65 = 32,5 gam
m Fe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 gam
a) n H2 = 15,68/22,4 = 0,7(mol)
Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2
Theo PTHH : nHCl = 2n H2 = 1,4(mol)
=> CM HCl = 1,4/2 = 0,7M
b) n Zn = a(mol) ; n Fe = b(mol) => 65a + 56b = 43,7(1)
n H2 = a + b = 0,7(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,5 ; b = 0,2
Suy ra:
m Zn = 0,5.65 = 32,5 gam
m Fe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 gam
nHCl=0,6 mol
FeO+2HCl-->FeCl2+ H2O
x mol x mol
Fe2O3+6HCl-->2FeCl3+3H2O
x mol 2x mol
72x+160x=11,6 =>x=0,05 mol
A/ CFeCl2=0,05/0,3=1/6 M
CFeCl3=0,1/0,3=1/3 M
CHCl du=(0,6-0,4)/0,3=2/3 M
B/
NaOH+ HCl-->NaCl+H2O
0,2 0,2
2NaOH+FeCl2-->2NaCl+Fe(OH)2
0,1 0,05
3NaOH+FeCl3-->3NaCl+Fe(OH)3
0,3 0,1
nNaOH=0,6
CNaOH=0,6/1,5=0,4M
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,15
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)
PT: \(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: 72nFeO + 102nAl2O3 = 45 (1)
\(n_{HCl}=1.2,2=2,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{FeO}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=2,2\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeO}=0,2.72=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,3.102=30,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{FeO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m muối = mFeCl2 + mAlCl3 = 0,2.127 + 0,6.133,5 = 105,5 (g)
\(n_{HCl}=1.2,2=2,2mol\\ FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ n_{FeO}=a;n_{Al_2O_3}=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}72a+102b=45\\2a+6b=2,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,2;b=0,3\\ m_{FeO}=0,2.72=14,4g\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=45-14,4=30,6g\\ n_{FeO}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,2mol\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=0,3.2=0,6mol\\ m_{muối}=0,2.127+0,6.133,5=105,5g\)
a) mCu = 1,875 (g)
=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{1,875}{10}.100\%=18,75\%\)
\(\%Zn=\dfrac{10-1,875}{10}.100\%=81,25\%\)
b) \(m_{Zn}=10-1,875=8,125\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,125------------------>0,125
=> VH2 = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8 (l)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 10,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
- Đăt nAl = x mol ; nFe = y mol
=> 27x + 56y = 16,8 (I)
nH2 = 0,5 mol
- PTHH: 2Al (x) + 6HCl ----> 2AlCl3 + 3H2 (1,5x) (1)
Fe (y) + 2HCl -----> FeCl2 + H2 (y) (2)
- Theo PTHH: nH2 = 1,5x + y = 0,5 (II)
- Giải hệ PT (I;II) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{56}{285}\left(mol\right)\\y=\dfrac{39}{190}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mAl=\dfrac{504}{95}\left(gam\right)\\mFe=\dfrac{1092}{95}\left(gam\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%mAl=31,6\%\\\%mFe=68,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) - Bảo toàn H: => nHCl = 1 mol
=> V HCl = 2 lít
c) - Bảo toàn Al: => nAlCl3 = \(\dfrac{56}{285}\left(mol\right)\)
- Bảo toàn Fe: => nFeCl2 = \(\dfrac{39}{190}\left(mol\right)\)
=> m muối sau pư = \(\dfrac{56}{285}.133,5+\dfrac{39}{190}.127=52,3\left(gam\right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l}
a)\\
n_{Al_2O_3}=x(mol);n_{FeO}=y(mol)\\
\to 102x+72y=17,4(1)\\
Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\
FeO+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2O\\
Theo\,PT:\,n_{AlCl_3}=2x(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=y(mol)\\
\to 133,5.2x+127y=39,4(2)\\
(1)(2)\to x=y=0,1(mol)\\
\to m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2(g);m_{FeO}=0,1.72=7,2(g)\\
b)\\
\sum n_{HCl}=6x+2y=0,8(mol)\\
\to V_{dd\,HCl}=\frac{0,8}{0,5}=1,6(l)=1600(ml)
\end{array}\)