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a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 24x + 56y = 8 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 95x + 127y = 22,2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{8}.100\%=30\%\\\%m_{Fe}=70\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)
mCu = 20,4 - 14 = 6,4 (g)
b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{20,4}.100\%\approx68,63\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx31,37\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{200}.100\%=9,125\%\)
Gọi \(n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=18,6\\2x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{18,6}\cdot100\%=30,11\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-30,11\%=69,89\%\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,2+0,4=0,6mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c) \(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100\%}{300}=4,87\%\)
d) mdd sau pứ = 11,2 + 300 - 0,2.2 = 310,8 (g)
\(C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127.100\%}{310,5}=8,17\%\)
1) nZn=13/65=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
nH2=nZnCl2=nZn=0,2(mol)
nHCl=2.0,2=0,4(mol)
=> mHCl=0,4 x 36,5=14,6(g)
=> mddHCl=(14,6.100)/8=182,5(g)
2) V(H2,đktc)=0,2 x 22,4= 4,48(l)
mZnCl2=0,2.136=27,2(g)
3) mddsau=mZn+mddHCl - mH2= 13+182,5-0,2.2=195,1(g)
4) C%ddZnCl2=(27,2/195,1).100=13,941%
a. Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{m_{ct_{HCl}}}{100}.100\%=7,3\%\)
=> mHCl = 7,3(g)
=> \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe3O4 + 8HCl ---> FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
1 ---> 8
0,1 ---> 0,2
=> \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{8}\)
Vậy Fe3O4 dư
=> mdư = 23,2 - 7,3 = 15,9 (g)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{8}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{8}.0,2=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,025.127=3,175\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{4}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{4}.0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeCl_3}=0,05.162,5=8,125\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{muối}=8,125+3,175=11,3\left(g\right)\)
c. Ta có: mdung dịch sau PỨ = \(23,2+100=123,2\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
mcác chất sau PỨ = 1,8 + 11,3 = 13,1(g)
=> \(C_{\%_{sauPỨ}}=\dfrac{13,1}{123,2}.100\%=10,63\%\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCL ---> ZnCl2 + H2
a)Theo bài ta có:
nZn=mZn/MZn=13/65=0,2 mol
=> nHCl=2 nZn=2.0,2=0,4 mol
=>mHCl=nHCl.MHCl =0,4 . 36,5=14,6(g)
mdd HCl=D.Vdd=1,14 .200=228(g)
=> C% ddHCl=\(\dfrac{mHCl.100\%}{mddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100\%}{228}=6,4\%\)(xấp xỉ)
b) nZnCl2=nZn=0,2 mol
=> mZnCl2= nZnCl2.MZnCl2=0,2 .136=27,7(g)