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Gọi nFe = a (mol); nMg = b (mol)
56a + 24b = 8 (1)
nH2 = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
a ---> a ---> a ---> a
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
b ---> b ---> b ---> b
a + b = 0,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = b = 0,1 (mol)
mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 (g)
%mFe = 5,6/8 = 70%
%mMg = 100% - 70% = 30%
nHCl = 0,1 . 2 + 0,1 . 2 = 0,4 (mol)
CMddHCl = 0,4/0,1 = 4M
\(a.BTNT\left(H\right):n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,65\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,65}{0,5}=1,3M\\ b.2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,325\\27x+56y=9,65\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=4,05\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ag}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeO}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Ag+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow Ag_2SO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)
a a \(\dfrac{a}{2}\) \(\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(2FeO+4H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2\uparrow+4H_2O\)
b 2b \(\dfrac{b}{2}\) \(\dfrac{b}{2}\)
Hệ pt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}108a+72b=11,52\\\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,08\left(mol\right)\\b=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ag}=0,08.108=8,64\left(g\right)\\m_{FeO}=0,04.72=2,88\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{8,64}{11,52}=75\%\\\%m_{FeO}=100\%-75\%=25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,08+0,4.2=0,16\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,16}{0,8}=0,2M\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=1,25.0,5=0,625\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(6NaOH+Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\rightarrow2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\)
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,625}{6}>\dfrac{0,04}{2}\) => NaOH dư
Theo pthh:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(pư\right)}=6n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=6.0,04=0,24\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=3n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=3.0,04=0,12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{MddNaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,5}=0,48M\\C_{MddNa_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,5}=0,24M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow24x+65y=11,3\left(1\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,3\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2mol\\y=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot24}{11,3}\cdot100\%=42,48\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-42,48\%=57,52\%\)
b)\(n_{HCl}=2\left(n_{Mg}+n_{Zn}\right)=2\cdot\left(0,2+0,1\right)=0,6mol\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)