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\(\begin{array}{l} a,\\ PTHH:\\ AlCl_3+3KOH\to Al(OH)_3\downarrow+3KCl\ (1)\\ 2Al(OH)_3\xrightarrow{t^o} Al_2O_3+3H_2O\ (2)\\ b,\\ n_{KOH}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\ (mol)\\ Theo\ pt\ (1):\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH}=0,02\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,02\times 133,5=2,67\ (g)\\ c,\\ Theo\ pt\ (1):\ n_{Al(OH)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH}=0,02\ (mol)\\ Theo\ pt\ (2):\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al(OH)_3}=0,01\ (mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,01\times 102=1,02\ (g)\end{array}\)
\(a,PTHH:CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\\ b,PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow^{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\)
a)
$Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 6KOH \to 2Fe(OH)_3 + 3K_2SO_4$
b)
$n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
$n_{KOH} = \dfrac{16,8}{56} =0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{KOH} : 3 < n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} : 1$ nên $Fe_2(SO_4)_3$ dư
$n_{Fe(OH)_3} = \dfrac{1}{3}n_{KOH} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe(OH)_3} = 0,05(mol)$
$m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.160 = 8(gam)$
\(a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\uparrow\\ b,n_{FeCl_3}=1,5\cdot0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Theo đề: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\A:NaCl\\Y:Fe_2O_3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,45+0,2}\approx1,4M\)
\(c,\) Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_X=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\cdot107=32,1\left(g\right)\\m_Y=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0.2\cdot0.4=0.08\left(mol\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(0.08...........0.24..............0.08\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(0.08...........0.04\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0.04\cdot160=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0.24}{0.5}=0.48\left(l\right)\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\) (1)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\) (2)
\(n_{FeCl_3}=0,2.0,4=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe : \(n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,04.160=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT (1) : \(n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,08.3=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,5}=0,48\left(l\right)\)
\(3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,2.3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
\(n_{Fe\left(ỌH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> m Fe2O3 = 0,1 . 160=16(g)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
a, \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{27}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{200}.100\%=8\%\)
n CuSO4 = \(\dfrac{11,2}{160}\)= 0.07 mol
a, PTHH
CuSO4 + 2KOH------------> Cu[OH]2 + K2SO4
0.07mol-------0.14mol----------0.07mol
b, mCu[OH]2 = 0,07. 98 =6,86 g
c, 80ml= 0,08l
CM KOH = \(\dfrac{n}{V}\)= \(\dfrac{0,14}{0,08}\)= 1,75 M