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a) 2NaOH + Cl2 --> NaCl + NaClO + H2O
b) \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + Cl2 --> NaCl + NaClO + H2O
0,1<----0,05--->0,05----->0,05
=> \(V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(l\right)\)
c)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(NaClO\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
c) Sửa đề DNaOH = 1,2g/ml
\(m_{ddsaupu}=0,05.44+100.1,2=122,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,05.106}{122,2}.100=4,34\%\)
1.
a, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CO2 + 2NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O
Mol: 0,05 0,1
b, \(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
2.
a, \(m_{HCl}=200.7,3\%=14,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
b,\(m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C\%_{ddCuCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.135.100\%}{16+200}=12,5\%\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+Cl_2\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)
2 mol 1 mol 1mol 1mol 1 mol
0,1 0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05
\(V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(l\right)\)
\(CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\)
\(CM_{NaClO}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
_____0,1_____________0,1____0,1 (mol)
a, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 6,5 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 206,3 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.161}{206,3}.100\%\approx7,8\%\)
Bài 1:
Các chất phản ứng được với HCl là: \(Mg,CuO,NaOH,Fe\left(OH\right)_3,CaCO_3\)
PTHH:
\(Mg+HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2CO_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200}{1000}.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl--->MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\)
a. Theo PT(1): \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(lít\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b. \(PTHH:2NaOH+MgCl_2--->Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\left(2\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{20\%.100}{100\%}}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)
Vậy NaOH dư.
Theo PT(2): \(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.58=11,6\left(g\right)\)
a: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
200ml=0,2 lít
\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{H_2}=2.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{H_2}=n_{H_2}\cdot M=2.24\cdot1=2.24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{MgCl_2}=2.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n_{Mg}=2.24\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{Mg}=2.24\cdot24=53.76\left(g\right)\)
Câu 3 :
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10.80}{100}=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Hiện tượng : Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng
Pt : \(2NaOH+MgSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Mg\left(OH\right)_2|\)
2 1 1 1
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(n_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Mg\left(OH\right)2}=0,1.58=5,8\left(g\right)\)
b) \(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{MgSO4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddMgSO}=\dfrac{12.100}{10}=120\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Na2SO4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=80+120-5,8=194,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{Na2SO4}=\dfrac{14,2.100}{194,2}=7,31\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
Câu 4 :
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
0,2 0,2
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{19,6.100}{20}=98\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{98}{1,2}\simeq81,67\left(ml\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
$Cl_2 + 2NaOH \to NaCl + NaClO + H_2O$
b)
$n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Cl_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$V = \dfrac{0,1}{0,1} = 1(lít)$
c) $n_{NaCl} = n_{NaClO} = n_{Cl_2} = 0,05(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaCl}} = C_{M_{NaClO}} = \dfrac{0,05}{1} = 0,05(M)$