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PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4+ H2
nH2= 0,1(mol) -> nZn=nH2=0,1(mol)
=> mZn=0,1.65=6,5(g)
=> %mZn=(6,5/10).100=65%
=> %mCu=100% - 65%= 35%
n H2=2.24/22.4=0.1(mol)
Zn + H2SO4 
ZnSO4 + H2
0.1 0.1
m Zn=0.1*65=6.5(g)
%Zn=6.5/10*100%=65%
%Cu=100%-65%=35%
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2 (1)
nH2=0,1(mol)
Từ 1:
nZn=nH2=0,1(mol)
mZn=65.0,1=6,5(g)
%mZn=\(\dfrac{6,5}{10}.100\%=65\%\)
%mCu=100-65=35%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Fe}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol ) \(\rightarrow m_{hh}=27x+56y=5,54\left(g\right)\) (1)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
x 1,5x ( mol )
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
\(n_{H_2}=1,5x+y=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,06\\y=0,07\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{5,54}.100=29,24\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100-29,24=70,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
A.Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
Cu + H2SO4 -×->(không pư)
B. nH2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1(mol)
nMg = nH2 = 0,1mol
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
mCu = 10 - 2,4 = 7,6(g)
C. %Mg = 2,4/10 ×100 = 24%
%Cu = 100 - 24 = 76%
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol), n_{Zn} = b(mol) , n_{Al} = c(mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 65b + 27c = 20,4(1)$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 +3 H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b + 1,5c = \dfrac{10,08}{22,4} = 0,45(mol)(2)$
Mặt khác :
$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$
$Zn + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} ZnCl_2$
$2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = 1,5n_{Fe} + n_{Zn} + 1,5n_{Al}$
Suy ra : \dfrac{1,5a + b + 1,5c}{a + b + c} = \dfrac{0,275}{0,2}(3)$
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20,4}.100\% = 54,9\%$
$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,1.65}{20,4}.100\% = 31,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 54,9\% - 31,9\% = 13,2\%$
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,15
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)
a, Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl.
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=19,4-13=6,4\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{19,4}.100\%\approx67,01\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx32,99\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{10}.100=65\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-65\%=35\%\)
Zn+H2SO4→ZnSO4+H2nZn=nH2=2,2422,4=0,1(mol)%mZn=0,1.6510.100=65%⇒%mCu=100%−65%=35%