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a)
Gọi số mol Mg, Al là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 27b = 26,25 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{30,8}{22,4}=1,375\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a-->2a--------->a------>a
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b---->3b------->b------>1,5b
=> a + 1,5b = 1,375 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,25 (mol); b = 0,75 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{26,25}.100\%=22,857\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,75.27}{26,25}.100\%=77,143\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
nHCl = 2a + 3b = 2,75 (mol)
=> mHCl = 2,75.36,5 = 100,375 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{100,375.100}{10}=1003,75\left(g\right)\)
c)
mdd sau pư = 1003,75 + 26,25 - 1,375.2 = 1027,25 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.95}{1027,25}.100\%=2,312\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,75.133,5}{1027,25}.100\%=9,747\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe\\Al\end{matrix}\right.+HCl->\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeCl2\\AlCl3\end{matrix}\right.+H2\)
Ta có số mol Fe là x , Al là y (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\127x+133,5y=39,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%mFe=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}=50,9\%\\\%mAl=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}=49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn e :
\(2.nH2=2.nFe+3.nAl\Rightarrow nH2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(V=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
\(nFe=nFeCl2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(nAl=nAlCl3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow nHCl\left(pứ\right)=2.0,1+3.0,2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(Cm=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
a 0,4 0,2 1a
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
b 0,3 0,15 1b
a) Gọi a là số mol của Mg
b là số mol của Fe
\(m_{Mg}+m_{Fe}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Mg}.M_{Mg}+n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=13,2g\)
⇒ 24a + 56b = 13,2g (1)
Theo phương trình : 1a + 1b = 0,35(2)
Từ(1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
24a + 56b = 13,2g
1a + 1b = 0,35
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{4,8.100}{13,2}=36,36\)0/0
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{8,4.100}{13,2}=63,64\)0/0
b) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+0,3=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,2}=3,5\left(M\right)\)
c) \(m_{muối.clorua}=\left(0,2.95\right)+\left(0,15.127\right)=38,05\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) Gọi số mol Mg, CuO là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 80b = 14 (1)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{255,5.10\%}{36,5}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a--->2a--------->a------>a
CuO + 2HCl --> CuCl2 + H2O
b------>2b----->b
=> 2a + 2b = 0,7 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,25 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{14}.100\%=42,857\%\\\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1.80}{14}.100\%=57,143\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
mdd sau pư = 14 + 255,5 - 0,25.2 = 269 (g)
\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.95}{269}.100\%=8,829\%\)
\(C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.135}{269}.100\%=5,019\%\)
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
x------2x--------x---------x
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
y---------3y-----y--------3\2y
ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=11,7\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,15 mol, y=0,3 mol
=>%mMg=\(\dfrac{0,15.24}{11,7}.100=30,77\%\)
=>%mAl=100-30,77=69,23%
b)
m HCl=1,2.36,5=43,8g
=>C%=\(\dfrac{43,8}{200}.100\)=21,9%
a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=25,55\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,35.65=22,75g\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{25,55}.100=10,95\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-10,95\%=89,05\%\)
b.\(n_{HCl}=2.0,05+2.0,35=0,8mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4l\)
giỏi quá pé oiiii