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1.
Ta có:
\(x^4+y^4\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x^2+y^2\right)xy\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P, áp dụng bồ đề vừa chứng minh ta có:
\(P\le\dfrac{a.abc}{bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+a.abc}+\dfrac{b.abc}{ca\left(c^2+a^2\right)+b.abc}+\dfrac{c.abc}{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+c.abc}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{a^2.bc}{bc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2.ac}{ca\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2.ab}{ab\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
2.
\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Từ đề bài ta có :
\(a+b+c=0< =>\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0< =>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) < = > 1 + 2 ( ab + ac + bc ) = 0
< = > 2 ( ab + ac + bc ) = -1
< = > ab + ac + bc = -1/2
\(< =>\left(ab+ac+bc\right)^2=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2< =>\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(< =>\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(< =>\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Lại có từ \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
\(< =>\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=1< =>a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left[\left(ab\right)^2+\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2\right]=1\)
\(< =>a^4+b^4+c^4+2.\dfrac{1}{4}=1< =>a^4+b^4+c^4+\dfrac{1}{2}=1< =>a^4+b^4+c^4=1-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Từ a+b+c=6 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b=6-c
Ta có: ab+bc+ac=9\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab+c(a+b)=9
\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab=9-c(a+b)
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-c(6-c)
\(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-6c+c2
Ta có: (b-a)2\(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)b, c
\(\Rightarrow\)b2+a2-2ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(b+a)2-4ab\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)(a+b)2\(\ge\)4ab
Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)
ab= 9-6c+c2 (cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\)(6-c)2\(\ge\)4(9-6c+c2)
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c\(\ge\)36-24c+4c2
\(\Rightarrow\)36+c2-12c-36+24c-4c2\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)-3c2+12c\(\ge\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c2-12c\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)3c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)c(c-4)\(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}}\)hoặc\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\le0\\c-4\ge0\end{cases}}\)
*\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c\le4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}0\le c\le4}\)
*
a + b +c =0 => ( a +b + c)^2 =0 => a^2 +b^2 +c^2 + 2ab +2bc + 2ac = 0
=> 1 + 2(ab + bc +ac) = 0 => 2(ab +bc +ac) = -1 ==> ab + bc +ac = -1/2
( ab + bc+ac)^2 = 1/4 => a^2.b^2 + b^2.c^2 + c^2.a^2 + 2ab^2.c +2ab.c^2 + 2 a^2.b.c = 1/4
=> a^2 . b^2 + b^2 . c^2 + c^2 . a^2 + 2abc ( a+ b+ c) = 1/4
=> a^2 . b^2 + b^2 . c^2 + c^2 . a^2 + 2abc . 0 = 1/4
=> 2( a^2 . b^2 + + b^2 . c^2 + c^2 . a^2 ) = 2.1/4 = 1/2
=> 2a^2 . b^2 + 2 b^2 . c^2 + 2c^2 . a^2 = 1/2
( a^2 + b^2 + c^2 )^2 = 1
=> a^4 + b^4 + c^4 + 2a^2.b^2 + 2b^2.c^2 + 2 c^2 . a^2 = 1
=> a^4 + b^ 4 + c^4 + 1/2 = 1
=> a^4 + b^4 + c^4 = 1/2
a + b + c = 0
<=> (a + b + c)² = 0
<=> a² + b² + c² + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 0
<=> a² + b² + c² = -2(ab + bc + ca) (1)
CẦn chứng minh:
2(a^4 + b^4 + c^4) = (a² + b² + c²)²
<=> 2(a^4 + b^4 + c^4) = a^4 + b^4 + c^4 + 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²)
<=> a^4 + b^4 + c^4 = 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²)
<=> (a² + b² + c²)² = 4(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) ---(cộng 2 vế cho 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) )
<=> [-2(ab + bc + ca)]² = 4(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) ----(do (1))
<=> 4.(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) + 8.(ab²c + bc²a + a²bc) = 4(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²)
<=> 8.(ab²c + bc²a + a²bc) = 0
<=> 8abc.(a + b + c) = 0
<=> 0 = 0 (đúng), Vì a + b + c = 0
=> Đpcm
a + b + c = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(1\right)\)
Cần phải chứng minh
2.(a4 + b4 + c4)=(a2+b2+c2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2.(a4 - b4+c4)=a4+b4+c4+2.(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)a4 +b4+c4=2.(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a2 + b2 +c2 ) = 4(a2b2+b2c2 +c2a2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) [ -2.(ab+bc+ca)2 ] = 4(a2b2+b2c2 +c2a2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 4(a2b2+b2c2 +c2a2)+8.(ab2c +bc2a+a2bc)=4.(a2b+b2c2+c2+a2
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 8(ab2c+bc2a+a2bc)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)8abc.(a+b+c)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 0 =0 (đúng ) Vì a +b +c =0
=> ĐPCM