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Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol Al, Fe
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\1,5x+y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,27\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,56\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,Fe + 2HCl → FeCl + H2 (1)
FeO + 2HCl → FeCl + H2O (2)
nH2 = 3,36/ 22,4 = 0,15 ( mol)
Theo (1) nH2 = nFe = 0,15 ( mol)
mFe = 0,15 x 56 = 8.4 (g)
m FeO = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6 (g)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)
\(FeO+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
theo (1) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeO}=12-8,4=3,6\left(g\right)\)
ta thấy : nFe =nH2 = 0,15
=> mFe =0,15 x 56 = 8,4g
%Fe=8,4/12 x 100 = 70%
=>%FeO = 100 - 70 = 30%
b) BTKLra mdd tìm mct of HCl
c) tìm mdd sau pứ -mH2 nha bạn
\(a,Đặt:n_{Mg}=g\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=j\left(mol\right)\left(g,j>0\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24g=56j=9,2\\22,4g+22,4j=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}g=0,15\\j=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{9,2}.100\approx39,13\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}\approx60,87\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.5,6}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\ c,m_{muối}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{MgCl_2}=95g+127j=95.0,15+127.0,1=26,95\left(g\right)\)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
x-----------------------x mol
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
y-------------------------y mol
ta có\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=9,2\\x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>%mFe=\(\dfrac{0,1.56}{9,2}.100\)=60,87%
=>%m Mg=39,13%
Ta có : n HCl=0,1.2+0,15.2=0,5 mol
=>CMHCl=\(\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}\)=2,5M
=>m muối =0,1.127+0,15.95=26,95g
\(2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.4=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} 56.n_{Fe}+27.n_{Al}=22\\ 2.n_{Fe}+3.n_{Al}=0,8 \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} n_{Fe}=0,39(mol)\\ n_{Al}=0,007(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,39.56}{22}.100\%=99,27\%\\ \%m_{Al}=100\%-99,27\%=0,73\% \end{cases}\)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol), n_{Zn} = b(mol) , n_{Al} = c(mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 65b + 27c = 20,4(1)$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 +3 H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b + 1,5c = \dfrac{10,08}{22,4} = 0,45(mol)(2)$
Mặt khác :
$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$
$Zn + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} ZnCl_2$
$2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = 1,5n_{Fe} + n_{Zn} + 1,5n_{Al}$
Suy ra : \dfrac{1,5a + b + 1,5c}{a + b + c} = \dfrac{0,275}{0,2}(3)$
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20,4}.100\% = 54,9\%$
$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,1.65}{20,4}.100\% = 31,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 54,9\% - 31,9\% = 13,2\%$
1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
a) \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b) Gọi x,y là số mol Al, Fe
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=0,83\\\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{29}{5700};y=\dfrac{47}{3800}\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{5700}.27}{0,83}.100=16,55\%\); \(\%m_{Fe}=100-16,55=83,45\%\)
c)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{200}.100=0,98\%\)