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a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\)
b, \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=22,4\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,15
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\\
pthh:2H_2O+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
0,15 0,075
\(V_{KK}=\left(0,075.22,4\right).5=8,4l\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,025}{1}< \dfrac{0,15}{3}\)
=> H2 dư
\(n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\uparrow\\ Theo.pt:n_{KOH}=2n_{H_2}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O \\ Mol:0,3\rightarrow0,15\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15}{2}=0,075\left(l\right)\)
X + nH2O → X(OH)n + n/2 H2.
Ta có: n(H2) = 0,15 mol
→ n(OH-) = 2n (H2) = 0,3 mol
→ n(H+) = 0,3 mol → 2. 2V = 0,3 → V = 0,075 (lít)
a)
n Fe = a(mol) ; n Zn = b(mol)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
a.........2a...........a...................(mol)
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
b.........2b.............b.........................(mol)
n HCl = 2a + 2b = 0,5.0,4 = 0,2(mol)
m muối = 127a + 136b = 10,52(gam)
=> a = 0,342 ; b = -0,243 < 0
=> Sai đề
C2:
PTHH: 2Al+6HCl →2AlCl3 +3H2
a)
Ta có:
\(+n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(+n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Biện luận:
\(\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\)
⇒Al dư, HCl pư hết.
\(+n_{Al}\)dư =0,3-0,2=0,1(mol
\(+m_{Al}\)dư =0,1.27=2,7(gam)
b)
\(+n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(gam\right)\)
c) PTHH: H2+CuO→Cu+H2O
\(+n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(+m_{CuO}=0,3.80=24\left(gam\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt.
\(1.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(2N+2nHCl\rightarrow2NCl_n+nH_2\)
\(\dfrac{0.5}{n}.....0.5...............0.25\)
\(M_N=\dfrac{16.25}{\dfrac{0.5}{n}}=32.5n\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(BL:n=2\Rightarrow N=65\)
\(Nlà:Zn\)
Không tính được thể tích vì thiếu nồng độ mol nhé.
\(2.\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8.1}{27}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21.9}{36.5}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2........0.6..........0.2...........0.3\)
\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.3-0.2\right)\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0.2\cdot133.5=26.7\left(g\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Cu+H_2O\)
\(0.3.....0.3\)
\(m_{CuO}=0.3\cdot80=24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=0,1.161=16,1\left(g\right)\)
b. \(n_{H_2thu.được}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O\)
0,1 0,05
\(V_{O_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{không.khí}=1,12.5=5,6\left(l\right)\)
a) \(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.10,95}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
b) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{a}{100}=0,01a\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
______0,01a---->0,02a---->0,01a->0,01a___________(mol)
NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
_0,1----->0,1___________________________________(mol)
=> 0,02a = 0,6 - 0,1
=> a = 25 (g)
c) \(V_{CO_2}=0,01.25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(CaCl_2\right)=\dfrac{0,25.111}{25+200-0,25.44}.100\%=12,97\%\\C\%\left(HCl_{dư}\right)=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{25+200-0,25.44}.100\%=1,705\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15.136=20,4\left(g\right)\)
nHCl=5.10-3 mol
2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
x mol x mol 1/2 mol
Ba + 2H2O --> Ba(OH)2 + H2
y mol y mol y mol
NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
x mol x mol
Ba(OH)2 + 2HCl--> BaCl2 + H2O
y mol 2y mol
Ta duoc: 23x + 137y =0,297 (1)
x + 2y =5.10-3 (2)
Tu (1) va (2) ta duoc => x= 10-3
=> y= 2.10-3
a/ mNa= 10-3.23=0,023g
mBa=2.10-3.137=0,274g
b/ nH2= 10-6 mol
H2 + O2 --> H2O
10-6 mol 10-6 mol
VO2= 10-6. 22,4=2,24.10-5 lit
VKK= 2,24.10-5.100/20=1,12.10-4 lit
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