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`4Al + 3O_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `2Al_2 O_3`
`0,2` `0,15` `(mol)`
`2Mg + O_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `2MgO`
`1,5` `0,75` `(mol)`
`n_[Al]=[5,4]/27=0,2(mol)`
`n_[O_2]=[16,8]/[22,4]=0,75(mol)`
`=>m_[hh]=0,2.27+1,5.24=41,4(g)`
`=>%m_[Al]=[5,4]/[41,4].100~~13,04%`
`=>%m_[Mg]~~100-13,04~~86,96%`
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (1)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (2)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,375\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(1\right)}+n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,375\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,75\cdot24}{0,75\cdot24+13,5}\cdot100\%\approx57,14\%\)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (1)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (2)
a) Gọi số mol của Mg là a (mol) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow24a+27\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}a=6,3\) \(\Rightarrow a=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05\cdot102=5,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
Ta có:
\(m_C=1.90\%=0,9kg=900g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_C=\dfrac{900}{12}=75\left(mol\right)\)
Theo gt ta có PTHH: \(C+O_2-t^o->CO_2\) (*)
Theo (*) và gt có: 75mol...75mol...75mol
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}=75.44=3300\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=75.32=2400\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2}=75.22,4=1680\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}\) nên \(V_{kk}=5.1680=8400\left(l\right)\)
Vậy................
1,a,Gọi \(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,5a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow27a+24.0,5b=7,8\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2HgO --to--> 2Hg + O2
0,01<- 0,05
\(\rightarrow m_{Hg}=0,01.201=2,01\left(g\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)
x 0,5x
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
y 0,75y
Gọi số mol của Mg là x ; Số mol của Al là y(\(x;y>0\))
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=24x;m_{Al}=27y\)
\(\Rightarrow24x+27y=10,35\)(1)
\(n_{O_2}=5,88:22,4=\frac{21}{80}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow0,5x+0,75y=\frac{21}{80}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có hệ phương trình:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}24x+27y=10,35\\0,5x+0,75y=\frac{21}{80}\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,15\\y=0,25\end{cases}}\)
\(m_{Mg}=24.0,15=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=27.0,25=6,75\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\frac{3,6}{10,35}.100\approx35\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-35\%=65\%\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,2-->0,15
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
1,2<--0,6
b) \(m_{Mg}=1,2.24=28,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{28,8}{28,8+5,4}.100\%=84,21\%\\\%m_{Al}=100\%-84,21\%=15,79\%\end{matrix}\right.\)