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1. If I had a sister, I could share anything.
2. If he is rich, I will like him
1 If I had any sister, I could share anything
2 If he weren't rich, I wouldn't like him
Câu điều kiện loại 0 được sử dụng để diễn giải thích tình huống những tình huống được coi là chân lý, thường là những sự thật trong cuộc sống, ví dụ như khoa học
If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + V(hiện tại đơn) +… |
– Câu ví dụ: If you freeze water, it becomes a solid
Ngoài ra, câu điều kiện loại 0 còn được sử dụng để đưa ra những lời nhắn, lời đề nghị
– Câu ví dụ: If Bill phones, tell him to meet me at the cinema
b) Câu điều kiện loại 1Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để diễn tả những sự việc có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai và kết quả của nó
If + S + (don’t/doesn’t) + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/won’t (be) + V +… |
– Câu ví dụ: If you don’t hurry, you will miss the bus
Trong câu điều kiện loại 1, thay vì sử dụng thì tương lai (will) chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng các động từ modal verb (might,may,can,should,…) để thể hiện mức độ chắc chắn hoặc đề nghị một kết quả nào đó
– Câu ví dụ: If you drop that glass, it might break
c) Câu điều kiện loại 2Câu điều kiện loại 2 được sử dụng để diễn tả những tình huống không có thật, không thể xảy ra trong tương lai và giả định kết quả nếu nó có thể xảy ra.
If + S + (didn’t) + V2/Ved, S + would/could/might + (not) + V +… |
– Câu ví dụ: If the weather wasn’t so bad, we could go to the park
d) Câu điều kiện loại 3Câu điều kiện loại 3 được sử dụng để diễn tả những sự việc không xảy ra trong quá khứ và xác định kết quả nếu nó đã xảy ra. Cấu trúc câu này thường ám chỉ sự tiếc nuối hoặc lời trách móc
If + S + had(been) + V3/Ved, S + would/could/must/might + have(been/not) + V3/Ved +… |
Hoặc viết theo kiểu đảo ngữ: Had + S + (been/not) + V3/Ved, S + would/could/must/might + have (been/not) + V3/Ved +…
– Câu ví dụ: If I had worked harder, I could have passed the exam ⇔ Had i worked harder, I could have passed the exam.
1. We can’t go swimming because it rains.
->if………….it didn't rain, we could go swimming
2. He is poor. He doesn’t afford to buy new clothes.
->If……he weren't poor, he would afford to buy new clothes. …………….
3. I don’t know her address, so I can’t tell you.
->If I ……….knew ..her address, I could tell you.
4 . He can’t park near his office, so he doesn’t come by car
→ If ……he could park near his office, he would come by car ………………..
5. My house is guarded by two big dogs. it isn’t broken into every night
→ If ………my house weren't guarded by two big dogs, it would be broken into every night………. ..
6. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.
→ If . ……the flat were clearly numbered, so it weren't very difficult to find anyone. …………
7. I don’t have a cell phone , so I can’t lend you
→ If . ……I had a cell phone , I could lend you………………
8. She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children.
→ If ………she didn't work in the evening, she would have time to play with her children.…….. .
1 If the teacher's question hadn't been difficult, I could have answered it
2 If he smokes, he will be weak
3 If you don't stop smoking, you won't finish the work on time
4 If you aren't careful, you will make a wrong decision
5 If today weren't cold, we would go swimming
6 If my sister weren't inexperienced, she had been offered the job
1. If you don't leave home early, you will miss the flight.
2. If you be outside in the rain, you will get wet.
3. If you don't walk faster, you will miss the bus.
4. If you don't pay, they will cut off the electricity.
5. If you touch that wire, you will get an electric shock.
Loại 1:
- If i have much time, i will go out with you
- if i don't do homework, i will go to bed
- if i have free time, i will play game
- If I get up early in the morning, I will go to school on time
Loại 2:
- if i were you, i would buy this gift
- if the weather were good, i would go out
- If i knew that, i would be very surprised
- If I were you, I wouldn't do that
Mọi câu tường thuật khi chuyển qua câu điều kiện đều lùi 1 phần điều kiện, cụ thể ví dụ như sau :
We don't buy the house because we don't have enough money.
=> If we had enough money, we would buy the house.
Hiện tại chúng tôi không mua cái nhà đó vì chúng tôi không có tiền.
=> Sự việc đã không diễn ra ở hiện tại, tương lai chắc gì họ đã mua ? (my idea :P ) => Chia cđk 2.
So your ques : I have don't have enough money. If I have enough, I will buy that book , change to : I don't have enough money. If I had enough, I would buy that book :)
CHUYỂN THÀNH CÂU ĐK LOẠI 2
1.My mother isn't here so I can ask her for help.
->if my mother was here,I couldn't ask her for help
2. people throw rubbish in the street , so it doesn't look attactive
->if people didn't throw rubbish in the street,it would look attractive
3. I don't have free time , so I cann't go with you
->if I had free time,I could go with you
CHUYỂN THÀNH CÂU ĐK LOẠI 2
1.My mother isn't here so I can't ask her for help.
->if my mother was here , I could ask her for help.
2. people throw rubbish in the street , so it doesn't look attractive
->if people didn't throw rubbish in the street , it wouldn't look attractive
3. If don't have free time , so I cann't go with you
->if i had free time , I could go with you
12. takes
13. want - will give
14. cleans - will do
15. will be - give
Cấu trúc câu đk loại 1: If S V/ V-es, S will Vnguyên thể