Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{27}\) \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\) \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)
\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: 2CO+O2to→2CO2 (1)
4H2+O2to→2H2O (2)
b) Ta có:
ΣnO2=\(\dfrac{9,6}{32}\)=0,3(mol)
nCO2=\(\dfrac{8,8}{44}\)=0,2(mol)
⇒{nO2(1)=0,1mol
nO2(2)=0,2mol
⇒{mCO=0,1⋅28=2,8(g)
mH2=0,2⋅2=0,4(g)
⇒%mCO=\(\dfrac{2,8}{2,8+0,4}\)⋅100%=87,5%
%mH2=12,5%
\(nO_2=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(nCO_2=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2CO+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2\)
2 1 2 (mol)
0,2 0,1 0,2 (mol)
\(4H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
4 1 2 (mol)
0,8 0,2 0,4 (mol)
\(mCO=0,2.28=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(mH_2=0,8.2=0,16\left(g\right)\)
\(\%mCO=\dfrac{5,6.100}{5,6+0,16}=97,22\%\)
\(\%mH_2=100-97,22=2,78\%\)
Câu 2.
a.
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 < 0,6 ( mol )
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
b.
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
x x x ( mol )
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
y 3y 2y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+160y=12\\x+3y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2g\\m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 2.
Trích một ít mẫu thử và đánh dấu
Đưa quỳ tím vào 4 chất:
-HCl: quỳ hóa đỏ
-NaOH: quỳ hóa xanh
-NaCl,H2O: quỳ ko chuyển màu (1)
Cô cạn (1)
-NaCl : xuất hiện kết tinh
-H2O: bay hơi
\(m_{H_2}=0,01a\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,01a}{2}=0,005a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,005a<----------------0,005a
=> mFe = 56.0,005a = 0,28a (g)
Gọi số mol FeO, Fe2O3 là x, y (mol)
=> 72x + 160y = a - 0,28a = 0,72a (1)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2115a\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,2115a}{18}=0,01175a\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: FeO + H2 --to--> Fe + H2O
x---------------------->x
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
y----------------------------->3y
=> x + 3y = 0,01175a (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,005a\left(mol\right)\\y=0,00225a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\%Fe=\dfrac{0,28a}{a}.100\%=28\%\)
\(\%FeO=\dfrac{72.0,005a}{a}.100\%=36\%\)
\(\%Fe_2O_3=\dfrac{160.0,00225a}{a}.100\%=36\%\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,01a\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,005a\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow m_{FeO,Fe_2O_3}=a-0,005a.56=0,72a\\ Đặt:n_{FeO}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\left(x,y>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow72x+160y=0,72a\left(1\right)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,2115a\\ \Leftrightarrow18x+54y=0,2115a\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{504}{47}x=\dfrac{1120}{47}y\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{47}}{\dfrac{504}{47}}=\dfrac{20}{9}\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,28a}{a}.100=28\%\\Ta.có:x.72+0,45x.160=0,72a\\ \Leftrightarrow144x=0,72a\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{0,72}{144}=0,005\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{72.0,005a}{a}.100=36\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-\left(28\%+36\%\right)=36\%\)
\(a.Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4}=0,22.1,25=0,275mol\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=a;n_{CuO}=b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,275\\160a+80b=16\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,075;b=0,05\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,075.160}{16}\cdot100=75\%\\ \%m_{CuO}=100-75=25\%\)
Câu 3:
a)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 40a + 160b = 24 (1)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
a--------->2a
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
b--------->6b
b)
\(m_{HCl}=192,31.18,25\%=35,096575\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{35,096575}{36,5}=0,96155\left(mol\right)\)
=> 2a + 6b = 0,96155 (2)
(1);(2) => a = 0,1231; b = 0,119225
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,1231.40}{24}.100\%=20,5167\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-20,5167\%=79,4833\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,119225----------------->0,357675
=> mnước = 0,357675.18 = 6,43815 (g)
bn check lại xem 192,31 gam hay ml dung dịch HCl nhé