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B : $CuO,Na_2O,Ag,BaO,Fe_3O_4$
$2Cu + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CuO$
$4Na + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Na_2O$
$2Ba + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2BaO$
$3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4$
C : $Cu,Na_2O,Ag,BaO,Fe$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
$Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O$
D : $Cu,Ag,Fe$ ; E : $NaOH,Ba(OH)_2$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$BaO + H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2$
F : Ag,Cu ; T : $HCl,FeCl_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Hãy cho biết thành phần các chất trong B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I và viết ptpư xảy ra.
______________
B: AlCl3, FeCl2, HCl
C: H2
D: Fe(OH)2
E: NaAlO2, NaCl, NaOH
F: Fe2O3
G: Fe
H: Al(OH)3
I: Al2O3
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_2+\frac{1}{2}O_2\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3CO\rightarrow2Fe+3CO_2\)
\(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
\(NaAlO_2+H_2O+CO_2\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaHCO_3\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Hãy cho biết thành phần các chất trong B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I và viết ptpư xảy ra.
B: AlCl3, FeCl2, HCl
C: H2
D: Fe(OH)2
E: NaAlO2, NaCl, NaOH
F: Fe2O3
G: Fe
H: Al(OH)3
I: Al2O3
Các PTHH:
\(1.3Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(2.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(3.AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(4.FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(5.NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
\(6.2Fe\left(OH\right)_2+\frac{1}{2}O_2\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+2H_2O\)
\(7.Fe_2O_3+3CO\rightarrow2Fe+3CO_2\)
\(8.NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
\(9.NaAlO_2+CO_2+H_2O\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaHCO_3\)
\(10.2Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6}{32}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot80}{40}\cdot100\%=20\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=80\%\)
Chất rắn D là Cu, chất rắn E là CuO
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=0,16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,01<-0,005
=> mCu = 0,01.64 = 0,64 (g)
Gọi số mol K, Ba là a, b (mol)
=> 39a + 137b = 3,18 - 0,64 = 2,54 (1)
PTHH: 2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2
a--------------->a
Ba + 2H2O --> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b--------------->b
=> 56a + 171b = 3,39 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,03 (mol); b = 0,01 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{3,18}.100\%=20,126\%\\\%m_K=\dfrac{0,03.,39}{3,18}.100\%=36,792\%\\\%m_{Ba}=\dfrac{0,01.137}{3,18}.100\%=43,082\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{O_2}=m+0,16-m=0,16\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,16}{32}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,01 0,005
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_K=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
2K + 2H2O ---> 2KOH + H2
a a
Ba + 2H2O ---> Ba(OH)2 + H2
b b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}39a+137b=3,18-0,01.64=2,54\\56a+171b=3,39\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,03\left(mol\right)\\b=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,01.64}{3,18}=20,13\%\\\%m_K=\dfrac{0,03.39}{3,18}=36,79\%\\\%m_{Ba}=100\%-20,13\%-36,79\%=43,08\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Y là Cu không tan trong dd HCl
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{O_2}=m_{CuO}-m_{Cu}=m+0,6-m=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,6}{32}=0,01875\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,0375<-0,01875
=> mCu = 0,0375.80 = 3 (g)
Ơ mCu > mhh (3 > 1,74) đề sai hả bạn, bạn check lại cho mình :D
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(NaOH+Al\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
Ta có :
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
Dựa vào PTHH ta thấy :
\(n_{Fe}=2\cdot n_{Fe_2O_3}=2\cdot0.1=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.2\cdot56=11.2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=19.3-11.2=8.1\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{8.1}{19.3}\cdot100\%=41.96\%\)