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a)\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,4.0,5=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
⇒ \(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b)\(C_{M\left(ddNaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=1,3\left(M\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Mol: 0,2 0,2
=> mCuO = 0,2.80 = 16 (g)
a, \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,2.0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,05.40=2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{15\%}=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200.16}{160.100}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.10}{40.100}=0,5mol\)
CuSO4+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Cu(OH)2\(\downarrow\)+Na2SO4
-Ta có tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\rightarrow\)CuSO4 hết, NaOH dư.
Cu(OH)2\(\overset{t^0}{\rightarrow}\)CuO+H2O
\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2mol\)
a=\(m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16gam\)
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.98=19,6gam\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(pu\right)}=2n_{CuSO_4}=0,4mol\rightarrow n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,4=0,1mol\)
\(m_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,1.40=4gam\)
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2mol\rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2.136=27,2gam\)
\(m_{dd}=200+200-19,6=380,4gam\)
C%NaOH=\(\dfrac{4.100}{380,4}\approx1,05\%\)
C%Na2SO4=\(\dfrac{27,2.100}{380,4}\approx7,15\%\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{1,35}{135}=0,01(mol)\\ n_{KOH}=\dfrac{28.10}{100.56}=0,05(mol)\\ a,CuCl_2+2KOH\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \dfrac{n_{CuCl_2}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{2}\Rightarrow KOH\text{ dư}\\ b,n_{CuO}=n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,01.80=0,8(g)\)
\(c,n_{KCl}=0,02(mol);n_{KOH(dư)}=0,05-0,01.2=0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,01.98=0,98(g);m_{KCl}=0,02.74,9=1,49(g)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{1,49}{1,35+28-0,98}.100\%=5,25\%\\ C\%_{KOH(dư)}=\dfrac{0,03.56}{1,35+28-0,98}.100=5,92\% \end{cases}\)
\(n_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{1,35}{135}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10.28}{100}=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2KCl|\)
1 2 1 2
0,01 0,05 0,01 0,02
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O|\)
1 1 1
0,01 0,01
b) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{0,05}{2}\)
⇒ CuCl2 phản ứng hết , KOH dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của CuCl2
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,01}{1}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CuO}=0,01.80=0,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,01.2}{1}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{KCl}=0,02.74,5=1,49\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH\left(dư\right)}=0,05-\left(0,01.2\right)=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{KOH\left(dư\right)}=0,03.56=1,68\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=1,35+28=29,35\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{KCl}=\dfrac{1,49.100}{29,35}=5,08\)0/0
\(C_{ddKOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1,68.100}{29,35}=5,72\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,3mol\)
a) \(CuSO_4+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+K_2SO_4\)
0,5 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^O}CuO+H_2O\)
0,3 0,3
b)\(m_{CuO}=0,3\cdot80=24\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot174=52,2\left(g\right)\)
\(a.CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\\ Cu\left(OH\right)_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\\b. n_{CuSO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\\ c.BTNT\left(Cu\right):n_{CuO}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)