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1.
\(sin^2x-4sinx.cosx+3cos^2x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}-\dfrac{4sinx}{cosx}+\dfrac{3cos^2x}{cos^2x}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow tan^2x-4tanx+3=0\)
2.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
3.
\(\Leftrightarrow2^2+m^2\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2\ge-3\) (luôn đúng)
Pt có nghiệm với mọi m (đề bài sai)
4.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
6.
ĐKXĐ: \(cosx\ne0\)
Nhân 2 vế với \(cos^2x\)
\(sin^2x-4cosx+5cos^2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-cos^2x-4cosx+5cos^2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
6.
\(cos^2x+\sqrt{3}sinx.cosx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-sin^2x+\sqrt{3}sinx.cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx\left(\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx.sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
23.
\(2sin^2x+5sinx-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\\sinx=-3\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{5}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nghiệm dương bé nhất là \(x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}\)
24.
\(1-cos^2x-3cosx-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos^2x+3cosx+3=0\)
Pt bậc 2 nói trên vô nghiệm nên pt đã cho vô nghiệm
25.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(tanx+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow tanx=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)
26.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
17.
\(2tan^2x+5tanx+3=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=-1\\tanx=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=-arctan\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nghiệm âm lớn nhất là \(x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\)
18.
Pt vô nghiệm khi:
\(m^2+4^2< 6^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m^2< 20\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\sqrt{5}< m< 2\sqrt{5}\)
\(ab=20\)
19.
Pt có nghiệm khi:
\(m^2+4\ge\left(2m-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3m^2-4m-3\le0\)
Theo Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=\dfrac{4}{3}\\ab=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=\dfrac{34}{9}\)
20.
\(cos\left(2x-60^0\right)=sin\left(x+60^0\right)=cos\left(30^0-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-60^0=30^0-x+k360^0\\2x-60^0=x-30^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=30^0+k120^0\\x=30^0+k360^0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=30^0+k120^0\)
11.
\(sin^2x-4sinx.cosx+3cos^2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx-cosx\right)\left(sinx-3cosx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx-cosx=0\\sinx-3cosx=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=cosx\\sinx=3cosx\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(cosx=0\Rightarrow\) pt vô nghiệm
Với \(cosx\ne0\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=0\\tanx=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=arctan3+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow1+2sin\dfrac{x}{2}cos\dfrac{x}{2}+\sqrt{3}cosx=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx+\sqrt{3}cosx=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
2.
\(cos2x=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\pi+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
3.
\(\left(2sinx-cosx\right)\left(1+cosx\right)=\left(1+cosx\right)\left(1-cosx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+cosx\right)\left(2sinx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=-1\\sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pi+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nghiệm dương nhỏ nhất là \(x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}\)
4.
\(1-cos2x-1-cos6x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos6x=-cos2x=cos\left(\pi-2x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}6x=\pi-2x+k2\pi\\6x=2x-\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Pt có 6 nghiệm trên khoảng đã cho
6.
\(sin3x+cos2x=1+sin3x-sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=1-sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sin^2x=1-sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x-sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
7.
\(\sqrt{2}sinx-2\sqrt{2}cosx=2-2sinx.cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sinx\left(\sqrt{2}cosx+1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{2}cosx+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2}sinx-2\right)\left(\sqrt{2}cosx+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\)
\(\left(\dfrac{3\pi}{4}\right).\left(-\dfrac{3\pi}{4}\right)=-\dfrac{9\pi^2}{16}\)
8.
\(2sinx.cosx+3cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(2sinx+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\) có 1 nghiệm trong khoảng đã cho
9.
\(cos2x\ne0\Leftrightarrow2x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
Đáp án D
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x-\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x=-cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=cos\left(x+\pi\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}=x+\pi+k2\pi\\2x+\dfrac{\pi}{6}=-x-\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{18}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos4x.sin3x=2sin4x.cos4x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos4x\left(sin4x-sin3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=0\\sin4x=sin3x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\4x=3x+k2\pi\\4x=\pi-3x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\\x=k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{7}+\dfrac{k2\pi}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin2x-5\)
\(=-\dfrac{9}{2}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin2x\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{9}{2}-cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
Do \(-1\le-cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\le1\Rightarrow-\dfrac{11}{2}\le y\le-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(y_{min}=-\dfrac{11}{2}\) khi \(cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\)
\(y_{max}=-\dfrac{7}{2}\) khi \(cos\left(2x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=-1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2\pi}{3}+k\pi\)
12.
\(y=\sqrt{2}sin\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\le\sqrt[]{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\sqrt{2}\)
13.
Pt có nghiệm khi:
\(5^2+m^2\ge\left(m+1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2m\le24\)
\(\Rightarrow m\le12\)
14.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=1\\cosx=-\dfrac{5}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=k2\pi\)
15.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=-1\\tanx=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=arctan\left(3\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đáp án A
16.
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\dfrac{1}{2}cosx=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{6}=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2\pi\le\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\le2018\pi\\2\pi\le\pi+k2\pi\le2018\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1\le k\le1008\\1\le k\le1008\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có \(1008+1008=2016\) nghiệm