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nNa = 6.9 : 23 = 0.3 mol
4Na + O2 ->2 Na2O
mol : 0.3 -> 0.15
Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH
mol : 0.15 -> 0.3
mdd = 0.15 x 62 + 140.7 = 150g
C% NaOH = 0.3x40: 150 x 100% = 8%
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{160.10\%}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{150.8\%}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuSO4 + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\) => CuSO4 hết, NaOH dư
PTHH: CuSO4 + 2NaOH --> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
0,1------>0,2------->0,1------->0,1
=> m = 0,1.98 = 9,8 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH_{dư}}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
mdd sau pư = 160 + 150 - 9,8 = 300,2 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaOH_{dư}}=\dfrac{4}{300,2}.100\%=1,33\%\\C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,2}{300,2}.100\%=4,73\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{160.10}{100}=16\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8.150}{100}=12\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + CuSO4 ---> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
LTL: \(0,1< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\rightarrow\) NaOH dư
Theo pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow m=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=160+150-9,8=300,2\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,2\right).40}{300,2}=1,33\%\\C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.142}{300,2}=4,73\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{9,3}{62}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,15 0,3 (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_A=90,7+9,3=100\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
b/
m\(_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{16.200}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{152}=\dfrac{4}{19}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+FeSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
bđ: 0,3 \(\dfrac{4}{19}\) 0 0 (mol)
pư: 0,3 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol)
dư: 0 \(\dfrac{23}{380}\) (mol)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.90=13,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_C=100+200-13,5=286,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{286,5}.100\%\approx7,4\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{23}{380}.152=9,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,2}{286,5}.100\%\approx3,2\%\)
a, \(C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{20}{20+60}.100\%=25\%\)
b, \(C\%=\dfrac{40}{40+150}.100\%\approx21,05\%\)
c, \(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{60}{60+240}.100\%=20\%\)
d, \(C\%_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{30}{30+90}.100\%=25\%\)
e, \(m_{NaCl}=150.60\%=90\left(g\right)\)
f, \(m_{ddA}=\dfrac{25}{10\%}=250\left(g\right)\)
g, \(n_{NaOH}=120.20\%=24\left(g\right)\)
Gọi: nNaOH (thêm vào) = a (g)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+24}{a+120}.100\%=25\%\Rightarrow a=8\left(g\right)\)
a, Gọi \(m_{NaCl\left(thêm\right)}=a\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{NaCl\left(bđ\right)}=5\%.100=5\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5+a}{100+a}.100\%=5,5\%\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,53\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{NaCl}=58,5.5,5\%=3,2175\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{3,2175}{58,5}=0,055\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: NaCl + AgNO3 ---> AgCl↓ + NaNO3
0,055-->0,055------>0,055---->0,055
\(m_{AgCl}=0,055.143,5=7,8925\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddY}=58,5+200-7,8925=250,6075\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{0,055.85}{250,6075}.100\%=1,87\%\)
mCuSO4= 12,8(g) ->nCuSO4=0,2(mol)
nNa=0,04(mol)
pthh: Na + H2O -> NaOH + 1/2 H2
-> nNaOH= 0,04(mol); nH2=0,02(mol)
=> V(A,đktc)=V(H2,đktc)=0,02.22,4=0,448(l)
2 NaOH + CuSO4 -> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Ta có: 0,04/2 < 0,2/1
=> CuSO4 dư, NaOH hết, tính theo nNaOH
=> nCu(OH)2=nCuSO4(p.ứ)=nNa2SO4=nNaOH/2=0,02(mol)
=> m(B)=mCu(OH)2=0,02.98=1,96(g)
b) mddC=mddCuSO4 + mNaOH - mCu(OH)2= 400+ 0,04.40- 1,96= 399,64(g)
mCuSO4(dư)= 0,18 x 160=28,8(g)
mNa2SO4=0,02.142= 2,84(g)
=> C%ddCuSO4(dư)= (28,8/399,64).100=7,206%
C%ddNa2SO4=(2,84/399,64).100=0,711%
1. khối lượng dung dịch HCl: mdd = D.Vdd = 69,52 x 1,05 = 73 gam
mHCl = mdd.C% = 73 x 10 : 100 = 7,3 gam → nHCl = 0,2 mol
MxOy + 2yHCl → xMCl2y/x + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,2}{2y}\) ← 0,2 mol
→ Phân tử khối của oxit: M.x + 16.y = \(\dfrac{5,8\cdot2y}{0,2}\)
Xét các giá trị x, y
x = 1; y = 1 → M = 42 (loại)
x = 1; y = 2 → M = 84 (loại)
x = 2; y = 1 → M = 21 (loại)
x = 2; y = 3 → M = 63 (loại)
x = 3; y = 4 → M = 56 (Fe)
Vậy công thức của oxit là Fe3O4
Fe3O4 + 8HCl → FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + H2O
0,025 0,025 0,05
Khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng = mFe3O4 + mdd HCl = 5,8 + 73 = 78,8 gam
C% FeCl2 = 4,029%
C% FeCl3 = 10,31%
2. nNa2O = 0,02 mol, nCO2 = 0,025 mol
(1) Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
0,02 0,04 mol
(2) CO2 + 2NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O
0,02 0,04 0,02 mol
Sau phản ứng 2, CO2 còn dư 0,005 mol, do đó tiếp tục xảy ra phản ứng với Na2CO3
(3) CO2 + Na2CO3 + H2O → 2NaHCO3
0,005 0,005 0,01 mol
Cuối cùng, nNaHCO3 = 0,01 mol, nNa2CO3 = 0,02 - 0,005 = 0,015 mol
CM NaHCO3 = 0,1M, CM Na2CO3 = 0,15M
nFeCl3.6H2O = 0,1 mol
=> nFeCl3 = nFeCl3.6H2O = 0,1 mol
mNaOH = 20 (g)
=> nNaOH = 0,5 mol
Pt: FeCl3 + 3NaOH --> 3NaCl + Fe(OH)3
.....0,1--------> 0,3-----> 0,3-------> 0,1
Xét tỉ lệ mol giữa FeCl3 và NaOH:
\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\)
Vậy NaOH dư
mFe(OH)3 = 0,1 . 107 = 10,7 (g)
mdd sau pứ = mtinh thể + mdd NaOH - mkt
....................= 27,05 + 100 - 10,7 = 116,35 (g)
C% dd NaCl = \(\dfrac{0,3\times58,5}{116,35}.100\%=15,1\%\)
C% dd NaOH dư = \(\dfrac{\left(0,5-0,3\right).40}{116,35}.100\%=6,876\%\)
a) \(n_{FeCl_3.6H_2O}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{100.20}{100.40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
FeCl3 + 3NaOH \(\rightarrow\) Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl (1)
(mol) 0,1..........0,3.................0,1.................0,3
*Tỉ lệ mol:
\(n_{FeCl_3}\) : \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow NaOH\) dư
(1) \(\rightarrow\) \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,1.107=10,7\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{ddX}=m_{FeCl_3.6H_2O}+m_{ddNaOH}-m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}\)
\(=27,05+100-10,7\)
\(=116,35\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaCl/ddX}=\dfrac{0,3.58,5}{116,35}.100=15,08\%\)
\(C\%_{NaOHdư/ddX}=\dfrac{\left(0,5-0,3\right).40}{116,35}.100=6,88\%\)