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b: Ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+6=0\)
\(\text{Δ}=\left(-6\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot6=36-24=12\)
Vì Δ>0 nên phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{6-2\sqrt{3}}{2}=3-\sqrt{3}\\x_2=3+\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x+2}-x-6+5\sqrt{x+18}-21=0\)
=>\(3\sqrt{x+2}-9+5\sqrt{x+18}-x-18=0\)
=>\(3\left(\sqrt{x+2}-3\right)+\sqrt{x+18}\left(5-\sqrt{x+18}\right)=0\)
=>\(3\cdot\dfrac{x+2-9}{\sqrt{x+2}+3}+\sqrt{x+18}\cdot\dfrac{25-x-18}{5+\sqrt{x+18}}=0\)
=>\(\left(x-7\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x+2}+3}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x+18}}{5+\sqrt{x+18}}\right)=0\)
=>x-7=0
=>x=7
a) \(3x-2\sqrt{x-1}=4\) (ĐK: x ≥ 1)
\(\Rightarrow3x-2\sqrt{x-1}-4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-6-2\sqrt{x-1}+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-2.\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[3-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\right]=0\)
*TH1: x = 2 (t/m)
*TH2: \(3-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}+3=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}=-1\) (vô lí)
Vậy S = {2}
b) \(\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}=\sqrt{3-x}\) (ĐK: \(-\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le3\) )
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}-3-\sqrt{x+2}+2-\sqrt{3-x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4x-8}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+3}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3-x}+1}\right)=0\)
=> x = 2
\(a,3x-2\sqrt{x-1}=4\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{x-1}=4-3x\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x-1\right)=16-24x+9x^2\\ \Leftrightarrow9x^2-28x+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(9x-10\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{10}{9}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\sqrt{4x+1}-\sqrt{x+2}=\sqrt{3-x}\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\le x\le3\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow4x+1+x+2-2\sqrt{\left(4x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=3-x\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{\left(4x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=2-6x\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x^2+9x+2}=3x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow4x^2+9x+2=9x^2-6x+1\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2-15x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\Delta=225+20=245\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{15-\sqrt{245}}{10}=\dfrac{15-7\sqrt{5}}{10}\left(ktm\right)\\x=\dfrac{15+\sqrt{245}}{10}=\dfrac{15+7\sqrt{5}}{10}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{15+7\sqrt{5}}{10}\)
\(2x^2+3x-5=0\)
\(< =>2x^2-2x+5x-5=0\)
\(< =>2x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(< =>\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(< =>\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y=1\\-3x+4y=-18\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}-3x-6y=-3\\-3x-6y+10y=-18\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y=1\\10y=-18+3=-15\end{cases}}\)
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y=1\\y=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=1\\y=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}}}\)
\(1,PT\Leftrightarrow2x-1=5\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow x-5=9\Leftrightarrow x=14\\ 3,ĐK:x\ge1\\ PT\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}=21\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=7\Leftrightarrow x=50\left(tm\right)\\ 4,\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\sqrt{50}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}}=5\)
ĐKXĐ: $x \geq 2$
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-4\right).\sqrt{x-2}-2\left(x-4\right)+\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{x+1}-2\left(x-2\right)+6x-18=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2.\left(x-4\right).\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\left(x-2\right).\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+6.\left(x-3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\dfrac{2.\left(x-4\right)}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+6=0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2.\left(x-4\right)}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+6=\dfrac{2\left(x-4\right)+4.\sqrt{x-2}+4}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+2\\ =\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)+4.\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{x-2}+1}+\dfrac{x-2}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}+2>0\)
Vậy....
Điều kiện để phương trình trở nên có nghĩa là : \(x^2-x-6\ge0\)
Đặt : \(\sqrt{x^2-x-6}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x-18=t^2-12\left(t^2-12\ge0\right)\)
Khi đó phương trình trở thành :
\(t^2-t-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=3\left(nhận\right)\\t=-4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-6=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-15=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{61}}{2}\\x_2=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{61}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Vậy...\)