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mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
\(A=x^2+3x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.1,5x+2,25+4,75\)
\(=\left(x+1,5\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4,75\Leftrightarrow x=-1,5\)
\(B=2x^2-8x\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-2\right)^2-8\ge-8\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=-8\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Câu 1:
a) \(2x^2+5x-3=\left(2x^2+6x\right)-\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=2x\left(x+3\right)-\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
b) \(x^4+2009x^2+2008x+2009\)
\(=\left(x^4-x\right)+\left(2009x^2+2009x+2009\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2009\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2009\right)\)
c) \(\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+8\right)\right]\left[\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)\right]=-16\) (đã sửa đề)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+10x+16\right)\left(x^2+10x+24\right)+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+10x+20\right)^2-16+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+10x+20\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-5-\sqrt{5}\\x=-5+\sqrt{5}\end{cases}}\)
Câu 1.
a) 2x2 + 5x - 3 = 2x2 + 6x - x - 3 = 2x( x + 3 ) - ( x + 3 ) = ( x + 3 )( 2x - 1 )
b) x4 + 2009x2 + 2008x + 2009
= x4 + 2009x2 + 2009x - x + 2009
= ( x4 - x ) + ( 2009x2 + 2009x + 2009 )
= x( x3 - 1 ) + 2009( x2 + x + 1 )
= x( x - 1 )( x2 + x + 1 ) + 2009( x2 + x + 1 )
= ( x2 + x + 1 )[ x( x - 1 ) + 2009 ]
= ( x2 + x + 1 )( x2 - x + 2009 )
c) ( x + 2 )( x + 4 )( x + 6 )( x + 8 ) = 16 ( xem lại đi chứ không phân tích được :v )
Câu 2.
3x2 + x - 6 - √2 = 0
<=> ( 3x2 - 6 ) + ( x - √2 ) = 0
<=> 3( x2 - 2 ) + ( x - √2 ) = 0
<=> 3( x - √2 )( x + √2 ) + ( x - √2 ) = 0
<=> ( x - √2 )[ 3( x + √2 ) + 1 ] = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-\sqrt{2}=0\\3\left(x+\sqrt{2}\right)+1=0\end{cases}}\)
+) x - √2 = 0 => x = √2
+) 3( x + √2 ) + 1 = 0
<=> 3( x + √2 ) = -1
<=> x + √2 = -1/3
<=> x = -1/3 - √2
Vậy S = { √2 ; -1/3 - √2 }
Câu 3.
A = x( x + 1 )( x2 + x - 4 )
= ( x2 + x )( x2 + x - 4 )
Đặt t = x2 + x
A = t( t - 4 ) = t2 - 4t = ( t2 - 4t + 4 ) - 4 = ( t - 2 )2 - 4 ≥ -4 ∀ t
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi t = 2
=> x2 + x = 2
=> x2 + x - 2 = 0
=> x2 - x + 2x - 2 = 0
=> x( x - 1 ) + 2( x - 1 ) = 0
=> ( x - 1 )( x + 2 ) = 0
=> x = 1 hoặc x = -2
=> MinA = -4 <=> x = 1 hoặc x = -2
a) \(\left(x+5\right)^2-\left(x-5\right)^2-20x+2\)
\(=x^2+10x+25-x^2+10x-25-20x+2\)
\(=2\) không phụ thuộc vào \(x\)
b) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=x^2-2x-15-x^2+2x-1\)
\(=-16\) không phụ thuộc vào \(x\)
c) \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)-x\left(3x-5\right)+8\)
\(=3x^2-4x-4-3x^2+5x+8\)
\(=x+8\) câu này đề sai.
d) \(2.\left(3x+1\right)\left(2x+5\right)-6x.\left(2x+4\right)-10\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=2.\left(6x^2+17x+5\right)-\left(12x^2+24x\right)-10x+10\)
\(=12x^2+34x+10-12x^2-24x-10x+10\)
\(=20\) không phụ thuộc vào \(x\)
a) ( x + 5 )2 - ( x - 5 )2 - 20x + 2
= x2 + 10x + 25 - ( x2 - 10x + 25 ) - 20x + 2
= x2 + 10x + 25 - x2 + 10x - 25 - 20x + 2
= 2 ( đpcm )
b) ( x + 3 )( x - 5 ) - ( x - 1 )2
= x2 - 2x - 15 - ( x2 - 2x + 1 )
= x2 - 2x - 15 - x2 + 2x - 1
= -16 ( đpcm )
c) ( 3x + 2 )( x - 2 ) - x( 3x - 5 ) + 8
= 3x2 - 4x - 4 - 3x2 + 5x + 8
= x + 4 ( lỗi đề )
d) 2( 3x + 1 )( 2x + 5 ) - 6x( 2x + 4 ) - 10( x - 1 )
= 2( 6x2 + 17x + 5 ) - 12x2 - 24x - 10x + 10
= 12x2 + 34x + 10 - 12x2 - 24x - 10x + 10
= 20 ( đpcm )
2. \(Q=\left(x-3\right)\left(4x+5\right)+2019\)
\(Q=4x^2+5x-12x-15+2019\)
\(Q=4x^2-7x+2004\)
\(Q=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.\frac{7}{4}+\frac{49}{16}+2019-\frac{49}{16}\)
\(Q=\left(2x-\frac{7}{4}\right)^2+\frac{32255}{16}\)
\(Do\) \(\left(2x-\frac{7}{4}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) \(Nên\) \(\left(2x-\frac{7}{4}\right)^2+\frac{32255}{16}\ge\frac{32255}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\frac{32255}{16}\)
\(Vậy\) \(MinQ=\frac{32255}{16}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7}{8}\)
3. \(T=4\left(a^3+b^3\right)-6\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(T=4\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-6a^2-6b^2\)
\(T=4\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-6a^2-6b^2\) (do a+b=1)
\(T=4a^2-4ab+4a^2-6a^2-6b^2\)
\(T=-2a^2-4ab-2b^2\)
\(T=-2\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(T=-2\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(T=-2.1^2=-2.1=-2\) (do a+b=1)
3/
a/ \(A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2.\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(A=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2+2xy+y^2\)
\(A=2x^2+2y^2\)
b/ \(B=\left(2a+b\right)^2-\left(2a-b\right)^2\)
\(B=\left(4a^2+4ab+b^2\right)-\left(4a^2-4ab+b^2\right)\)
\(B=4a^2+4ab+b^2-4a^2+4ab-b^2\)
\(B=8ab\)
c/ \(C=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(C=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(C=x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2\)
\(C=4xy\)
d/ \(D=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(2x-3\right)^2+4\)
\(D=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-2\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+4\)
\(D=4x^2-4x+1-8x^2+24x-18+4\)
\(D=-4x^2+20x-13\)
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