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PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot10\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25\cdot98}{15\%}\approx163,3\left(g\right)\\m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,25\cdot142=35,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow y=C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{35,5}{163,3+200}\cdot100\%\approx9,77\%\)
a) Chất tác dụng dd HCl: Cu(OH)2, Mg, Fe, BaO, K2SO3, Zn, K2O, MgCO3, CuO, Fe2O3.
PTHH: Cu(OH)2 +2 HCl -> CuCl2 +2 H2O
Mg+ 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
BaO +2 HCl -> BaCl2 + H2O
K2SO3 + 2 HCl -> 2 KCl + H2O + SO2
Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
K2O + 2 HCl -> 2 KCl + H2O
CuO + 2 HCl -> CuCl2 + H2O
Fe2O3 + 6 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
MgCO3 + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O
b) Chất td với dd H2SO4 loãng: Cu(OH)2 , Mg, Fe, BaO, Zn, ZnO, K2O, MgCO3, Fe2O3.
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
BaO + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + H2O
Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4 -> CuSO4 + 2 H2O
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O
K2O + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + H2O
MgCO3 + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O
Fe2O3 + 3 H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3 H2O
Bài 1:
\(2NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow Na_2SO_3+H_2O\\ NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow NaHSO_3\\ H_2S+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2S+2H_2O\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ FeSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
Bài 2:
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{300.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.4\%}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ m_{ddsau}=300+200=500\left(g\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\\ \Rightarrow HCldư\\ C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,2.58,5}{500}.100=2,34\%\\ C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{500}.100=2,92\%\)
\(2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2\\
2Na+2H_2O->2NaOH+H_2\\
Ca+2H_2O->Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\
Ba+2H_2O->Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\
2Li+2H_2O->2LiOH+H_2\\
CaO+H_2O->Ca\left(OH\right)_2\\
Na_2O+H_2O->2NaOH\\
BaO+H_2O->Ba\left(OH\right)_2\\
P_2O_5+3H_2O->2H_3PO_4\\
SO_3+H_2O->H_2SO_4\)
\(O_2+2H_2-t^o->2H_2O
\\
CuO+H_2-t^O->Cu+H_2O\\
Fe_2O_3+3H_2-t^O->2Fe+3H_2O\\
PbO+H_2-t^O->Pb+H_2O\\
Fe_3O_4+4H_2-t^O->3Fe+4H_2O\)
a/
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\\ 2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ 2Li+H_2O\rightarrow2LiOH+H_2\\ CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ Na_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\\ P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\\ SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
b/
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\ CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+H_2O\\ Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Oxit bazo : BaO , K2O, Fe2O3
Oxit axit : CO2 , SO3
AXIT : H2SO4 ,
Bazo tan: NaOH, Ba(OH)2
bazo ko tan :Cu(OH)2, Fe(OH)3
muối trung hòa : MgSO4,FeSO4 , CuSO4 ,Ba(NO3)2 , AgNO3
Muối axit: KHSO4
2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2
SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4
P2O5 + 3H2O -> 2H3PO4
2K + 2H2O -> 2KOH + H2
SO2 + H2O -> H2SO3
Ca + 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + H2
BaO + H2O -> Ba(OH)2
Bài 1 :
Những chất có khả năng tác dụng với nước : Na , SO3 . P2O5 , K , Ca , BaO
Pt : \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
\(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
Bài 2 :
\((1) 2SO_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,V_2O_5} 2SO_3\\ (2) SO_3 + H_2O \to H_2SO_4\\ (3) H_2SO_4 + 2NaOH \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O\\ (4) Na_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2NaCl\\ (5) Na_2SO_3 + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + SO_2 + H_2O\\ (6) SO_2 + H_2O \to H_2SO_3\\ (7) 2NaOH + H_2SO_3 \to Na_2SO_3 + 2H_2O\\ (8) Na_2SO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + SO_2 + H_2O\)
1a
-2Ag +2H2O→2AgOH +H2
-Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
- SO2 +H2O\(\rightarrow\)H2SO3
- 3Fe +4H2O→Fe3O4 +4H2
-AgNO3 + h2O→ Ag+O2+HNO3
-Mg(OH)2 → H2O +MgO
-2K +2H2O→2KOH +H2
-CuSO4 +2H2O → Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4
-Fe3O4 +H2O→Fe(OH)2 +2Fe(OH)3
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