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Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\\ \ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=9\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge9\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Lời giải:
a) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\text{VT}=(\sqrt{a^3}^2+\sqrt{b^3}^2+\sqrt{c^3}^2)\left (\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}}^2+\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}^2+\sqrt{\frac{1}{c}}^2\right)\geq (\sqrt{a^2}+\sqrt{b^2}+\sqrt{c^2})^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq (a+b+c)^2\) (đpcm)
b)
Khai triển ta có:
\(3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq (a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(a+c)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(a^3+a^3+b^3\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^6b^3}=3a^2b\)
\(b^3+b^3+c^3\geq 3\sqrt[3]{b^6c3}=3b^2c\)
\(c^3+c^3+a^3\geq 3\sqrt[3]{c^6a^3}=3c^2a\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta cũng cm được: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
Suy ra \(2(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(c+a)\)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Lời giải:
a)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\geq 2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}=8abc\)
Do đó ta có đpcm. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\geq 0\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq 3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=9abc\)
Do đó ta có đpcm. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\geq 0\)
c) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}\)
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}\)
Cộng theo vế:\(\Rightarrow 3\geq 3\frac{1+\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left (\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)(abc+abc+abc)\geq (ab+bc+ac)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\geq \frac{(ab+bc+ac)^2}{3abc}\) $(1)$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^2b^2+b^2c^2\geq 2ab^2c\\ a^2b^2+c^2a^2\geq 2a^2bc\\ b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq 2abc^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq abc(a+b+c)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (ab+bc+ac)^2\geq 3abc(a+b+c)(2)\)
Từ \((1),(2)\Rightarrow \frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\geq a+b+c\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b) Ta có:
\(\text{VT}+3=(a+b+c)\left (\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left ( \frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a} \right )(a+b+b+c+c+a)\geq (1+1+1)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\geq \frac{9}{2(a+b+c)}\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}+3\geq (a+b+c).\frac{9}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{9}{2}\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{3}{2}\)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Coi như a, b, c là số dương
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{c}{ba}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{bc}.\dfrac{c}{ba}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{b^2}}=\dfrac{2}{b}\left(1\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
\(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{bc}.\dfrac{b}{ac}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\dfrac{2}{c}\left(2\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
\(\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{b}{ac}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{b}{ac}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}}=\dfrac{2}{a}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}+\dfrac{c}{ba}+\dfrac{b}{ac}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\\ \Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}+\dfrac{c}{ba}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{bc}+\dfrac{b}{ac}+\dfrac{c}{ba}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ...
Vậy ...
Bài 1a)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho từng cặp ta có
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\\b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc}\\c+a\ge2\sqrt{ac}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}\)
\(=>\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\ge8\sqrt{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
\(=>\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\ge8abc\) ( điều phải chứng minh )
Bài 1b)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si bộ 3 số cho từng cặp ta có
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^3}\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge9abc\) (điều phải chứng minh )
Bài 1c) Ta có
\(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge\left(1+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\)
\(=>1+a+b\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge1^3+3.1^2.\sqrt[3]{abc}+3.1.\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^3}\)
\(=>\left(1+a+b+ab\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge1+3\sqrt[3]{abc}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}+abc\)
\(=>1+a+b+ab+c\left(1+a+b+ab\right)\ge1+3\sqrt[3]{abc}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}+abc\)
\(=>1+a+b+ab+c+ca+bc+abc\ge1+3\sqrt[3]{abc}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}+abc\)
\(=>a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si bộ 3 số cho vế trái ta có
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\ab+bc+ac\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>a+b+c+ab+bc+ac\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\) (điều phải chứng minh )
Bài 2a)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho từng cặp ta có
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}.\frac{ca}{b}}=2\sqrt{c^2}=2c\\\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}.\frac{ab}{c}}=2\sqrt{a^2}=2a\\\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}.\frac{ab}{c}}=2\sqrt{b^2}=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>2\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=>\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge a+b+c\) (điều phải chứng minh )
Bài 2b)
Chứng minh BĐT \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho vế trái ta có
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{abc}}\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) (điều phải chứng minh )
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(=>\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}+3\ge\frac{3}{2}+3\)
\(=>\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{a+c}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(=>\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(=>2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng BĐT vừa chứng minh \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(=>\left(b+c+a+c+a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9 \) (Điều phải chứng minh )