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a.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AB}=\left(-1;8\right)\\\overrightarrow{AC}=\left(3;6\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) mà \(\dfrac{-1}{3}\ne\dfrac{8}{6}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AB}\) và \(\overrightarrow{AC}\) không cùng phương hay A,B,C không thẳng hàng
\(\Rightarrow A,B,C\) là 3 đỉnh của 1 tam giác
b.
Theo công thức trung điểm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_I=\dfrac{x_A+x_C}{2}=\dfrac{1+4}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\y_I=\dfrac{y_A+y_C}{2}=\dfrac{-3+3}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\left(\dfrac{5}{2};0\right)\)
Gọi G là trọng tâm tam giác, theo công thức trọng tâm:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_G=\dfrac{x_A+x_B+x_C}{3}=\dfrac{1+0+4}{3}=\dfrac{5}{3}\\y_G=\dfrac{y_A+y_B+y_C}{3}=\dfrac{-3+5+3}{3}=\dfrac{5}{3}\\\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow G\left(\dfrac{5}{3};\dfrac{5}{3}\right)\)
c.
Gọi \(D\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{DC}=\left(4-x;3-y\right)\)
ABCD là hình bình hành khi \(\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{DC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-x=-1\\3-y=8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow D\left(5;-5\right)\)
a) Ta thấy \(\overrightarrow{AB}\left(3;2\right)\) và \(\overrightarrow{AC}\left(4;-3\right)\). Vì \(\dfrac{3}{4}\ne\dfrac{2}{-3}\) nên A, B, C không thẳng hàng.
b) Ta có \(\overrightarrow{BC}\left(1;-5\right)\)
Do vậy \(AB=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}\right|=\sqrt{3^2+2^2}=\sqrt{13}\)
\(AC=\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|=\sqrt{4^2+\left(-3\right)^2}=5\)
\(BC=\left|\overrightarrow{BC}\right|=\sqrt{1^2+\left(-5\right)^2}=\sqrt{26}\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{ABC}=AB+AC+BC=5+\sqrt{13}+\sqrt{26}\)
c) Gọi M, N, P lần lượt là trung điểm BC, CA, AB.
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(\dfrac{x_A+x_B}{2};\dfrac{y_A+y_B}{2}\right)=\left(-\dfrac{3}{2};3\right)\)
\(N=\left(\dfrac{x_A+x_C}{2};\dfrac{y_A+y_C}{2}\right)=\left(-1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(M=\left(\dfrac{x_B+x_C}{2};\dfrac{y_B+y_C}{2}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
d) Gọi G là trọng tâm tam giác ABC thì \(G=\left(\dfrac{x_A+x_B+x_C}{3};\dfrac{y_A+y_B+y_C}{3}\right)=\left(-\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{5}{3}\right)\)
e) Gọi \(D\left(x_D;y_D\right)\) là điểm thỏa mãn ycbt.
Để ABCD là hình bình hành thì \(\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{DC}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3;2\right)=\left(1-x_D;-1-y_D\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3=1-x_D\\2=-1-y_D\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_D=-2\\y_D=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow D\left(-2;-3\right)\)
f) Bạn xem lại đề nhé.
\(a,\Rightarrow C,A,D\) \(thẳng\) \(hàng\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{CD}=\overrightarrow{0}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{CA}=\overrightarrow{DC}\)
\(D\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CA}=\overrightarrow{DC}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-1-x=2\\-2-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow D\left(-3;-2\right)\)
\(b,E\left(xo;yo\right)\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AE}=\overrightarrow{BC}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xo-1=-3\\yo+2=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xo=-2\\yo=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow E\left(-2;-7\right)\)
\(c,\Rightarrow G\left(xG;yG\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xG=\dfrac{1+2-1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\yG=\dfrac{-2+3-2}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow G\left(\dfrac{2}{3};-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
b) Điểm \(M\) thuộc trục tung nên tọa độ điểm \(M\) có dạng \(M\left(0;m\right)\).
\(N\) là trung điểm của \(AB\) suy ra \(N\left(1;4\right)\).
\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=\left|2\overrightarrow{MN}\right|=2\sqrt{1^2+\left(m-4\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{1}=2\)
Dấu \(=\) xảy ra khi \(m-4=0\Leftrightarrow m=4\).
Vậy \(M\left(0;4\right)\).
a) Trọng tâm \(G\) của tam giác \(ABC\):
\(x_G=\dfrac{x_A+x_B+x_C}{3}=\dfrac{4+2-2}{3}=\dfrac{4}{3},y_G=\dfrac{y_A+y_B+y_C}{3}=\dfrac{3-1+5}{3}=\dfrac{7}{3}\).
Vậy \(G\left(\dfrac{4}{3};\dfrac{7}{3}\right)\) là trọng tâm tam giác \(ABC\).
sao cho 
1.
a, Trọng Tâm G: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_G=\dfrac{x_A+x_B+x_C}{3}=\dfrac{8}{3}\\y_G=\dfrac{y_A+y_B+y_C}{3}=\dfrac{8}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow G=\left(\dfrac{8}{3};\dfrac{8}{3}\right)\)
b, \(ABCD\) là hình bình hành \(\Leftrightarrow\vec{AB}=\vec{DC}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_B-x_A=x_C-x_D\\y_B-y_A=y_C-y_D\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_D=0\\y_D=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\left(0;6\right)\)
c, \(\vec{AM}=3\vec{BC}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_M=x_A+3\left(x_C-x_B\right)=-6\\y_M=y_A+3\left(y_C-y_B\right)=14\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(-6;14\right)\)
\(I\left(\frac{3-11}{2};\frac{2+0}{2}\right)\Rightarrow I\left(-4;1\right)\)
\(G\left(\frac{3+5-11}{3};\frac{2+4+0}{3}\right)\Rightarrow G\left(-1;2\right)\)
\(M\left(-22-5;0-4\right)\Rightarrow M\left(-27;-4\right)\)
\(D\left(3+5--11;2+4-0\right)\Rightarrow D\left(19;6\right)\)
38.
Gọi I là trung điểm AB và G là trọng tâm tam giác ABC
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}=2\overrightarrow{MI}\\\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=2\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left|2\overrightarrow{MI}\right|=3\left|\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left|\overrightarrow{MI}\right|=2.\left|3\overrightarrow{MG}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\left|\overrightarrow{MI}\right|=6\left|\overrightarrow{MG}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MI}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MG}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow MI=MG\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Tập hợp M là đường trung trực của đoạn thẳng IG
1.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_I=\dfrac{x_A+x_B}{2}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y_I=\dfrac{y_A+y_B}{2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow I\left(-\dfrac{3}{2};1\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_G=\dfrac{x_A+x_B+x_C}{3}=0\\y_G=\dfrac{y_A+y_B+y_C}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow G\left(0;0\right)\)
2.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{CI}=\left(-\dfrac{9}{2};3\right)\\\overrightarrow{AG}=\left(-2;-3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CI=\sqrt{\left(-\dfrac{9}{2}\right)^2+3^2}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{13}}{2}\\AG=\sqrt{\left(-2\right)^2+\left(-3\right)^2}=\sqrt{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3.
Gọi \(D\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AB}=\left(-7;-4\right)\\\overrightarrow{DC}=\left(3-x;-2-y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(ABCD\) là hbh \(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{DC}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-7=3-x\\-4=-2-y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow D\left(10;2\right)\)
4. Gọi \(H\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{CH}=\left(x-3;y+2\right)\\\overrightarrow{AH}=\left(x-2;y-3\right)\\\overrightarrow{BC}=\left(8;-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
H là trực tâm \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AH\perp BC\\CH\perp AB\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{AH}.\overrightarrow{BC}=0\\\overrightarrow{CH}.\overrightarrow{AB}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8\left(x-2\right)-1\left(y-3\right)=0\\-7\left(x-3\right)-4\left(y+2\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-y=13\\-7x-4y=-13\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow H\left(\dfrac{5}{3};\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
1: A(2;0); B(-3;4); C(1;-5)
Tọa độ vecto AB là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3-2=-5\\y=4-0=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{AB}=\left(-5;4\right)\)
Tọa độ vecto AC là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2=-1\\y=-5-0=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(\overrightarrow{AC}=\left(-1;-5\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{AB}=\left(-5;4\right)\)
Vì \(\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)=5< >-20=-5\cdot4\)
nên A,B,C không thẳng hàng
=>A,B,C là ba đỉnh của một tam giác
2: Tọa độ trọng tâm G của ΔABC là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2-3+1}{3}=\dfrac{0}{3}=0\\y=\dfrac{0+4-5}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3:
\(\overrightarrow{AB}=\left(-5;4\right);\overrightarrow{DC}=\left(1-x;-5-y\right)\)
ABCD là hình bình hành
nên \(\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{DC}\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-x=-5\\-5-y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1+5=6\\y=-5-4=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: D(6;-9)
4: \(\overrightarrow{MA}=\left(2-x;-y\right);\overrightarrow{MB}=\left(-3-x;4-y\right);\overrightarrow{MC}=\left(1-x;-5-y\right)\)
\(2\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+3\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(2-x\right)+\left(-3-x\right)+3\left(1-x\right)=0\\2\left(-y\right)+\left(4-y\right)+3\left(-5-y\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-2x-3-x+3-3x=0\\-2y+4-y-15-3y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-6x+4=0\\-6y-11=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-6x=-4\\-6y=11\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{11}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy: \(M\left(\dfrac{2}{3};-\dfrac{11}{6}\right)\)
5:
A(2;0); B(-3;4); C(1;-5); N(x;y)
A là trọng tâm của ΔBNC
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_A=\dfrac{x_B+x_N+x_C}{3}\\y_A=\dfrac{y_B+y_N+y_C}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2=\dfrac{-3+1+x}{3}\\0=\dfrac{4-5+y}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=6\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=8 và y=1
Vậy: N(8;1)
6: A là trung điểm của BE
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_B+x_E=2\cdot x_A\\y_B+y_E=2\cdot y_A\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3+x_E=2\cdot2=4\\4+y_E=2\cdot0=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_E=7\\y_E=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: E(7;-4)