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\(1,a,A=x^2-6x+25\)
\(=x^2-2.x.3+9-9+25\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+16\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)Với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+16\ge16\)
Hay \(A\ge16\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
1. a. \(A=8a-8a^2+3=-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\)
Vì \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)\(\Rightarrow-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Amax = 5 <=> a = 1/2
b. \(B=b-\frac{9b^2}{25}=-\frac{9}{25}\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2+\frac{25}{36}\)
Vì \(\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2\ge0\forall b\)\(\Rightarrow-\frac{9}{25}\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2+\frac{25}{36}\le\frac{25}{36}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{9}{25}\left(b-\frac{25}{18}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow b-\frac{25}{18}=0\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{25}{18}\)
Vậy Bmax = 25/36 <=> b = 25/18
a,\(A=8a-8a^2+3\)
\(=-8\left(a^2-a\right)+3\)
\(=-8\left(a^2-2a\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+3\)
\(=-8\left[\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\right]+3\)
\(=-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+2+3\)
\(=-8\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\le5\forall a\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(Max_A=5\)khi\(a=\frac{1}{2}\)
bài 2:
b,\(D=d^2+10e^2-6de-10e+26\)
\(=d^2-23de+\left(3e\right)^2+e^2-2.5e+5^2+1\)
\(=\left(d-3e\right)^2+\left(e-5\right)^2+1\ge1\forall d,e\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(d-3e\right)^2=0\\\left(e-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}d=15\\e=5\end{cases}}}\)
vậy \(D_{min}=1\)khi \(d=15;e=5\)
c,:\(E=4x^4+12x^2+11\)
\(=\left(2x^2\right)^2+2.2x^2.3+3^2+2\)
\(=\left(2x^2+3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
còn 1 đoạn nx bạn tự lm tiếp,lm giống như D
\(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\(=x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}+\frac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{11}{4}\)
\(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x-\frac{3}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min A = \(\frac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
a) \(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{11}{4}\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2};\frac{11}{4}\)
b) \(B=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=5\Rightarrow x=0;5\)
c) \(C=4x-x^2+3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=7\Rightarrow x=2;7\)
d) \(D=x^4+x^2+2\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=2\Rightarrow x=0;2\)
mk gợi ý, phần còn lại tự làm
a) \(A=x^2+2x+5=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
b) \(B=4x^2+4x+11=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
d) \(D=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
e) \(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
a) A = x2 + 2x + 5
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 4
= ( x + 1 )2 + 4
Nhận xét :
( x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 1 )2 + 4 > 4
=> A > 4
=> A min = 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x + 1 )2 = 0
=> x + 1 = 0
=> x = - 1
Vậy A min = 4 khi x = - 1
b) B = 4x2 + 4x + 11
= ( 2x )2 + 4x + 1 + 10
= ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10
Nhận xét :
( 2x + 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( 2x + 1 )2 + 10 > 10
=> B > 10
=> B min = 10
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
=> 2x + 1 = 0
=> x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Bmin = 10 khi x = \(\frac{-1}{2}\)
c) C = ( x - 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 ) ( x + 6 ) ] [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 ) ( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x ) 2 - 62
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
Nhận xét :
( x2 + 5x )2 > 0 với mọi x
=> ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 > - 36
=> C > - 36
=> C min = - 36
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : ( x2 + 5x )2 = 0
=> x2 + 5x = 0
=> x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy C min = - 36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = - 5
d) D = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 7
= ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4x + 4 ) + 2
= ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2
Nhận xét :
( x - 1 )2 > 0 với mọi x
( y - 2 )2 > 0 với mọi y
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 > 0
=> ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2 > 2
=> D > 2
=> D min = 2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy D min = 2 khi x = 1 và y = 2
a, x2 + 10x + 27
Đặt A = x2 + 2. x. 5 + 52 + 2
= ( x + 5 )2 + 2
Vì ( x + 5 )2 \(\ge\)0 với mọi x
=> ( x + 5 )2 + 2 \(\ge\)2 với mọi x
Hay A \(\ge\)2
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi:
( x + 5 )2 = 0
x + 5 = 0
x = - 5
Vậy Min A = 2 khi x = - 5
b, x2 + x + 7
Đặt B = x2 + x + 7
\(=x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{27}{4}\)
\(=\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]+\frac{27}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{27}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{27}{4}\ge\frac{27}{4}\)với mọi x
Hay B \(\ge\frac{27}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi:
\(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(x+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Min B = \(\frac{27}{4}\)khi x = \(-\frac{1}{2}\)
a) x2 + 10 x + 27 =( x2 + 2. 5 . x + 52 ) + 2 = ( x + 5 ) 2 + 2
Vì ( x + 5 ) 2 \(\ge\) 0 với mọi x nên ( x + 5 ) 2 + 2 \(\ge\) 2 với mọi x
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x + 5 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = -5
b) x2 + x + 7 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x2 + 2. x . \(\frac{1}{2}\)+ \(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\) + \(\frac{27}{4}\) = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\)( x + 1/2) 2 + 27/4 = 0
Vì ( x + 1/2 )2 \(\ge\) 0 với mọi x nên ( x + 1/2) 2 + 27/4 \(\ge\)27/4 với mọi x
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x+ 1/2 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = ---\(\frac{1}{2}\)
c + d ) Tương tự a, b
e) x2 + 14 x + y2 - 2y +7 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x2 + 2. x. 7 + 72 ) + ( y2 -- 2y + 1 ) -43 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) ( x + 7 ) 2 + ( y -- 1 ) 2 --43 = 0 ( 1 )
Vì ( x + 7 )2 \(\ge\) 0 và ( y -- 1 )2 \(\ge\) 0 với mọi x, y nên ( 1 ) \(\ge\) --43 với mọi x, y
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+7=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-7\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(M=x^2-3x+10=\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{31}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\ge\frac{31}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
KL:...
2. a. \(A=12a-4a^2+3=-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+12\)
Vì \(\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)\(\Rightarrow-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+3\le3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Amax = 3 <=> a = 3/2
b. \(B=4t-8v-v^2-t^2+2017=-\left(v^2+t^2-4t+8v+20\right)+2037\)
\(=-\left(t-2\right)^2-\left(v+4\right)^2+2037\)
Vì \(\left(t-2\right)^2\ge0;\left(v+4\right)^2\ge0\forall t;v\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(t-2\right)^2-\left(v+4\right)^2+2037\le2037\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(t-2\right)^2=0\\\left(v+4\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t-2=0\\v+4=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=2\\v=-4\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Bmax = 2037 <=> t = 2 ; v = - 4
c. \(C=m-\frac{m^2}{4}=-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(m-2\right)^2\ge0\forall m\)\(\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2+1\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow m-2=0\Leftrightarrow m=2\)
Vậy Cmax = 1 <=> m = 2
2. \(Q=\left(x-3\right)\left(4x+5\right)+2019\)
\(Q=4x^2+5x-12x-15+2019\)
\(Q=4x^2-7x+2004\)
\(Q=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.\frac{7}{4}+\frac{49}{16}+2019-\frac{49}{16}\)
\(Q=\left(2x-\frac{7}{4}\right)^2+\frac{32255}{16}\)
\(Do\) \(\left(2x-\frac{7}{4}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) \(Nên\) \(\left(2x-\frac{7}{4}\right)^2+\frac{32255}{16}\ge\frac{32255}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\frac{32255}{16}\)
\(Vậy\) \(MinQ=\frac{32255}{16}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7}{8}\)
3. \(T=4\left(a^3+b^3\right)-6\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(T=4\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-6a^2-6b^2\)
\(T=4\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-6a^2-6b^2\) (do a+b=1)
\(T=4a^2-4ab+4a^2-6a^2-6b^2\)
\(T=-2a^2-4ab-2b^2\)
\(T=-2\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(T=-2\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(T=-2.1^2=-2.1=-2\) (do a+b=1)
a. A = x2 + 12x + 39 = (x2 + 12x + 36) + 3
= ( x2 + 2.x.6 + 62 ) +3
= ( x+6)2 + 3
Vì ( x + 6 )2 \(\ge\) 0 ( dấu = xảy ra khi x = 1)
nên A \(\ge\) 3
Vậy GTNN của A là 3 ( khi x = 1)
a. A = x2 + 12x + 39 =(x2 + 12x + 36 ) + 3= (x+6)2 + 3
Vì (x+6)2\(\ge\) 0 ( dấu = xảy ra khi x = 6)
nên A \(\ge\) 3
Vậy: GTNN của A là 3 ( khi x = 6 )
b. B= 9x2 - 12x = (9x2 - 12x + 4) - 4 = \(\left[\text{(3x)^2 - 2.3x.2 + 2^2}\right]\) - 4
= (3x-2)2 - 4
Vì (3x-2)2\(\ge\) 0 ( dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) 3x-2 = 0 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x = \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)
nên B \(\ge\) 4
Vậy: GTNN của B là 4 ( \(\Leftrightarrow\) x=\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) )