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\(a,\left(x+3\right).\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-\left(54+x^3\right)=x^3+27-54-x^3=-27.\)
\(b,8x^3+y^3-8x^3+y^3=2y^3\)
\(1.5x\left(x^2+2x-1\right)-3x^2\left(x-2\right)=5x^3+10x^2-5x-3x^3+6x^2\)
\(=2x^3+16x^2-5x\)
\(=\left(2x^3-x\right)+\left(16x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=x\left(2x^2-1\right)+4x\left(4x-1\right)\left(ĐCCM\right)\)
- Viết 7 hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ :
\(\left(A+B\right)^2=A^2+2AB+B^2\)
\(\left(A-B\right)^2=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
\(A^2-B^2=\left(A-B\right)\left(A+B\right)\)
\(\left(A+B\right)^3=A^3+3A^2B+3AB^2+B^3\)
\(\left(A-B\right)^3=A^3-3A^2B+3AB^2-B^3\)
\(A^3-B^3=\left(A-B\right)\left(A^2+AB+B^2\right)\)
\(A^3+B^3=\left(A+B\right)\left(A^2-AB+B^2\right)\)
- Áp dụng :
\(a,\left(x+2y\right)^2=x^2+4xy+4y^2\)
\(b,\left(\dfrac{5x-1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)^2}{2^2}=\dfrac{25x^2-10x+1}{4}\)
\(c,\left(\dfrac{1}{3x-3}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3x+3}\right)=\dfrac{1.1}{\left(3x-3\right)\left(3x+3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{9x^2-9}\)
\(d,\left(2x+3\right)^3=8x^3+36x^2+54x+27\)
\(e,\left(\dfrac{1}{4y-2x}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{\left(4y-2x\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{16y^2-16xy+4x^2}\)
\(f,\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=\left(2x\right)^3-y^3=8x^3-y^3\)
\(g,\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)=x^3+27\)
Bài 1:
\(B=\dfrac{1}{9}x^2-2x+9\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}x\cdot3+3^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-3\right)^2\)
\(C=x^3-9x^2+27x-27=\left(x-3\right)^3\)
\(D=27x^3+27x^2+9x+1=\left(3x+1\right)^3\)
\(E=\left(x-2y\right)^3\)
\(a.\left(2x-3\right)\left(4x^2+6x+9\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\left(4x^2-6x+9\right)\\ =\left(2x\right)^3-3^3-\left[\left(2x\right)^3+3^3\right]\\ =8x^3-9-\left(8x^3+9\right)\\ =8x^3-9-8x^3-9=-18\)
\(b.\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =x^3+1-\left(x^3-1\right)\\ =x^3+1-x^3+1=2\)
\(c.\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)^2\\ =9x^2-1-\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)\\ =9x^2-1-9x^2+12x-4\\ =12x-5\)
\(d.\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-3\right)\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left[\left(2x-3\right)-\left(2x+3\right)\right]\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left(2x-3-2x-3\right)\\ =\left(2x-3\right)\cdot\left(-6\right)\\ =-12x\cdot18\)
\(e.\left(3x-4\right)^2-\left(2x+4\right)^2\\ =9x^2-24x+16-\left(4x^2+16x+16\right)\\ =9x^2-24x+16-4x^2-16x-16\\ =5x^2-40x\)
\(f.\left(3x-5\right)^3-\left(3x+5\right)^3\\ =27x^3-135x^2+225x-125-\left(27x^3+135x^2+225x+125\right)\\ =27x^3-135x^2+225x-125-27x^3-135x^2-225x-125\\ =-270x^2-250\)
\(g.\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3x-1\right)^2\\ =4x^2-4x+1-\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)\\ =4x^2-4x+1-9x^2+6x-1\\ =-5x^2+2x\)
\(h.\left(x-2y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^3-6y^3\right)\\ =x^3-8y^3+x^3-6y^3\\ =2x^3-14y^3\)
