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c, Ta có : a+b+c=0 ⇒ c=-(a+b)
⇒ a3+b3+c3= a3+b3-(a+b)3= x3+y3-(x3+3x2y+3xy2+y3)= x3+y3-x3-3x2y-3xy2-y3= -3x2y-3xy2= -3xy(x+y)= 3xyz(đpcm)
Câu a : Ta có :
\(x^3+x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(x^2z-xyz+y^2z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\)
Câu b : Khai triển VT ta có :
\(VT=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=VP\)
Câu c : Ta có :
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-bc-ca+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
Luôn đúng vì \(a+b+c=0\)
a+b+c+d=0
=>a+b=-(c+d)
=> (a+b)^3=-(c+d)^3
=> a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3-d^3-3cd(c+d)
=> a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=-3ab(a+b)-3cd(c+d)
=> a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=3ab(c+d)-3cd(c+d) ( vi a+b = - (c+d))
==> a^3 +b^^3+c^3+d^3==3(c+d)(ab-cd) (đpcm)
Cho các số a, b, c thỏa mãn a^3+ b^3+ c^3= 3abc với a, b, c khác 0. Chứng minh a+ b+c = 0 hoặc a=b=c
a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ ( a3 + b3 ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ ( a + b )3 - 3ab( a + b ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ [ ( a + b )3 + c3 ] - [ 3ab( a + b ) + 3abc ] = 0
⇒ ( a + b + c )[ ( a + b )2 - ( a + b ).c + c2 ] - 3ab( a + b + c ) = 0
⇒ ( a + b + c )( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 0
⇒ \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{cases}}\)
+) a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac = 0
⇒ 2( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 2.0
⇒ 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ac = 0
⇒ ( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) + ( a2 - 2ac + c2 ) = 0
⇒ ( a - b )2 + ( b - c )2 + ( a - c )2 = 0
VT ≥ 0 ∀ a,b,c . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
⇒ a + b + c = 0 hoặc a = b = c ( đpcm )
\(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{a+b+c}=a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\) (đpcm)
Câu a : Ta có : \(x^3+x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(x^2z+y^2z-xyz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\) ( đpcm )
Câu b : \(VT=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=VP\)
Câu c : Ta có : \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\) ( đúng )
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)
Vậy \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Ta có:\(a\ge b\ge c\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2\ge b^2\ge c^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2-b^2\ge0\\b^2-c^2\ge0\\c^2-a^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c^3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\\a^3\left(b^2-c^2\right)\ge0\\b^3\left(c^2-a^2\right)\ge0\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow c^3\left(a^2-b^2\right)+a^3\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^3\left(c^2-a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^3\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c^3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-c.\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-3ab\right)+c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-c\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab\right]+c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-c\left(c^2-3ab\right)+c^3=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-c^3+3abc+c^3=0\Rightarrow3abc=0\Rightarrow abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a=0\) hoặc \(b=0\) hoặc \(c=0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Đặt: a-b=x, b-c=y, c-a=z
=> x+y+z = (a-b)+(b-c)+(c-a)=0
Ta có: Nếu x+y+z=0 thì x3+y3+z3=3xyz
=> (a-b)3+(b-c)3+(c-a)3=3(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)
Từ a>b>c => a-b>0,b-c>0, c-a<0
=> 3(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)<0
=> (a-b)3+(b-c)3+(c-a)3<0 (đpcm)