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Bài làm:
a) \(P=x^2-5x=\left(x^2-5x+\frac{25}{4}\right)-\frac{25}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\le-\frac{25}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_P=-\frac{25}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
a) P = x2 - 5x
= ( x2 - 5x + 25/4 ) - 25/4
= ( x - 5/2 )2 - 25/4
( x - 5/2 )2 ≥ 0 ∀ x => ( x - 5/2 )2 - 25/4 ≥ -25/4
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 5/2 = 0 => x = 5/2
=> MinF = -25/4 <=> x = 5/2
b) Q = x2 + 2y2 + 2xy - 2x - 6y + 2015
= ( x2 + 2xy + y2 - 2x - 2y + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4y + 4 ) + 2010
= [ ( x + y )2 - 2( x + y ) + 12 ] + ( y - 2 )2 + 2010
= ( x + y - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2010
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
=> MinQ = 2010 <=> x = -1 , y = 2
a) A = x2 - 6x + 13 = x2 - 2.x.3 + 33 +4 = (x-3)2 + 4 >= 4 suy ra minA=4
mấy câu kia giải tương tự
Answer:
\(B=-5x^2-5y^2+8x-6y-1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(-5x^2+8x-\frac{16}{5}\right)+\left(-5y^2-6y-\frac{9}{5}\right)+4\)
\(\Rightarrow B=-5\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2-5\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2+4\)
Có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-5\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2\le0\\\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow-5\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2\le0\end{cases}}\)
Do vậy:
\(-5\left(x-\frac{4}{5}\right)^2-5\left(y+\frac{3}{5}\right)^2+4\le4\forall x;y\) hay \(B\le4\)
Vậy "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{4}{5}=0\\y+\frac{3}{5}=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{5}\\y=\frac{-3}{5}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức \(B=4\) khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{5}\\y=\frac{-3}{5}\end{cases}}\)
\(C=-5x^2-2xy-2y^2+14x+10y-1\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=\left(-25x^2-10xy-y^2+70x+14y-49\right)+\left(-9y^2+36y-36\right)+80\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=-\left(5x+y-7\right)^2-9\left(y-2\right)^2+80\)
\(\Rightarrow C=-\frac{1}{5}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2-\frac{9}{2}\left(y-2\right)^2+16\)
Có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{5}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2\le0\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\Rightarrow-\frac{9}{5}\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{cases}}\)
Do vậy:
\(-\frac{1}{5}\left(5x+y-7\right)^2-\frac{9}{5}\left(y-2\right)^2+16\le16\) hay \(C\le16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}5x+y-7=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức \(C=16\) khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
bac hai thi bien doi ve tong binh phuong
\(A=\left(x^2-2.3x+9\right)+\left(y^2+2.\frac{5}{2}y+\frac{25}{4}\right)+\left(1-9-\frac{25}{4}\right)\)cu ep vao BP thua de ra ngoai
\(A=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\left(1-9-\frac{25}{4}\right)\)
\(A\ge\left(1-9-\frac{25}{4}\right)\)co tinh de nguyen cac gia tri them bot de ban de hieu
dang thuc khi x=3; y=-5/2
\(x^2+2xy+6x+6y+2y^2+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(6x+6y\right)+9+y^2-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)+9=1-y^2\)
\(\left(x+y+3\right)^2=1-y^2\)
Do \(VP=1-y^2\le1\forall x\) \(\Rightarrow VT=\left(x+y+3\right)^2\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le x+y+3\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1+2013\le x+y+3+2013\le1+2013\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2012\le x+y+2016\le2014\) hay \(2012\le B\le2014\)
B đạt MIN là 2012 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x+y+3=-1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=-4\end{cases}}}\)
B đạt MAX là 2014 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x+y+3=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}}\)
\(A=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+6y^2+2y+45-\left(y^2+12y+36\right)\\ \)
\(A=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\)\(\ge4\)
Amin=4 khi y=1; x=7
\(A=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+6y^2+2y+45-\left(y^2+12y+36\right) \)
\(A=\left(x-7-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1^2\right)+4\ge4\)
\(Amin=4\)\(khi\)\(y=1;x=7\)
\(A=x^2-2xy+6y^2-12x+2y+54\)
\(A=x^2-2xy+y^2-12x+12y+36+5y^2-10y+5+4\)
\(A=\left(x-y\right)^2-2.6\left(x-y\right)+36+5\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+4\)
\(A=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\)
Do: \(\left(x-y-6\right)^2\ge0\forall xy\); \(5\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{Min}=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=7;y=1\)
A=5x2+5y2+6x-6y-2xy
<=> A=x2+4x2+y2+5y2+6x-6y-2xy+9+9-18
<=>A=(x2-2xy+y2)+(4x2+6x+9)+(4y2-6y+9)-18
<=>A=(x-y)2+(2x+3)2+(2y-3)2-18
Vì: (x-y)2+(2x+3)2+(2y-3)2 > 0
=> (x-y)2+(2x+3)2+(2y-3)2 -18 > -18
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi
2x+3=0=>2x=-3=>x=-3/2
2y-3=0=>2y=3=>y=3/2
Vậy Amin=-18 khi x=-3/2 và y=3/2