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\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{ab}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{b\left(b+c\right)};\dfrac{a+c}{b+c}=\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{ab}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{b\left(b+c\right)}\)
Theo đề bài \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\) suy ra \(a< b\) nên \(ac< bc\). Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{b\left(b+c\right)}< \dfrac{bc}{b\left(b+c\right)}\)
Suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)
Lời giải:
a.
$\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}<0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{ad-bc}{bd}< 0$
$\Rightarrow ad-bc<0$ (do $bd>0$)
$\Rightarrow ad< bc$ (đpcm)
b.
$\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{a(b+d)-b(a+c)}{b(b+d)}=\frac{ad-bc}{b(b+d)}<0$ do $ad-bc<0$ và $b(b+d)>0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}$
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$\frac{a+c}{b+d}-\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d(a+c)-c(b+d)}{d(b+d)}=\frac{ad-bc}{d(b+d)}<0$ do $ad-bc<0$ và $d(b+d)>0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}$
Ta có đpcm.
`a)a/b<c/d`
Nhân 2 vế cho `bd>0` ta có:
`(abd)/b<(bcd)/d`
`<=>ad<bc`
`b)ad<bc`
Chia 2 vế cho `bd>0` ta có:
`(ad)/(bd)<(bc)/(bd)`
`<=>a/b<c/d`.
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}-\dfrac{c}{d}< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ad-bc}{bd}< 0\)\(\Leftrightarrow ad-bc< 0\) ( do bc>0) \(\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\) (đpcm)
b) \(ad< bc\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)(đpcm)
a) \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b) Tham khảo:https://olm.vn/hoi-dap/tim-kiem?q=cho+c%C3%A1c+s%E1%BB%91+h%E1%BB%AFu+t%E1%BB%89+a/b+v%C3%A0+c/d+v%E1%BB%9Bi+m%E1%BA%ABu+d%C6%B0%C6%A1ng+,+trong+%C4%91%C3%B3+a/b+%3Cc/d+.+c/m+r%E1%BA%B1ng+a)+a.d+%3Cb.c+b)+a/b+%3C+(a+c)/(b+d)%3Cc/d+&id=174343
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\\b,d>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.bd< \dfrac{c}{d}.bd\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
b) Ta có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(1\right)\)(do \(b,d>0\))
\(bc>ad\Rightarrow bc+cd>ad+cd\)
\(\Rightarrow c\left(b+d\right)>d\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{d}>\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
1. Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{ab}{cd},\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{bc}{bd}\)
a) Mẫu chung bd > 0 ( do b > 0, d > 0 ) nên nếu \(\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}\) thì ad < bc
b) Ngược lại, Nếu ad < bc thì \(\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}.\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
Ta có thể viết: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\)
2. a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( 1 )
Thêm ab vào 2 vế của (1): \(ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\) ( 2 )
Thêm cd vào 2 vế của (1): \(ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) ( 3 )
Từ (2) và (3) ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(a,\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{ad}{bd}\) và \(\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{bc}{bd}\). Do \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) nên \(\dfrac{ad}{bd}< \dfrac{bc}{bd}\).
Suy ra \(ad< bc\)
\(b,\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) suy ra \(ad< bc\). Do đó \(ab+ad< ab+bc\) nên \(a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}.\) Từ \(ad< bc\) ta cũng có \(ad+cd< bc+cd\) nên \(\left(a+c\right)d< \left(b+d\right)c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\)